King James Version

What Does Isaiah 1:17 Mean?

Isaiah 1:17 in the King James Version says “Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow. relieve: or, righten — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow. relieve: or, righten

Isaiah 1:17 · KJV


Context

15

And when ye spread forth your hands, I will hide mine eyes from you: yea, when ye make many prayers, I will not hear: your hands are full of blood. make: Heb. multiply prayer blood: Heb. bloods

16

Wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes; cease to do evil;

17

Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow. relieve: or, righten

18

Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD: though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool.

19

If ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the land:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
True religion manifests in justice ('mishpat'), relief of the oppressed, and advocacy for the vulnerable—orphan and widow. The imperatives 'learn to do well' and 'seek judgment' reveal that righteousness is cultivated, not instinctive, requiring deliberate pursuit of God's moral order. This social ethic flows from covenant love (hesed) and anticipates Jesus' summary of the law as love for God and neighbor (Matthew 22:37-40). Reformed theology affirms good works as the fruit, not root, of justification.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern kings were judged by their protection of society's powerless. Isaiah holds Judah's leaders to this standard, indicting their failure to administer covenant justice that reflects God's character.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does advocating for the marginalized demonstrate authentic faith today?
  2. In what practical ways can we 'seek judgment' and 'relieve the oppressed' in our contexts?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
לִמְד֥וּ1 of 10

Learn

H3925

properly, to goad, i.e., (by implication) to teach (the rod being an middle eastern incentive)

הֵיטֵ֛ב2 of 10

to do well

H3190

to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)

דִּרְשׁ֥וּ3 of 10

seek

H1875

properly, to tread or frequent; usually to follow (for pursuit or search); by implication, to seek or ask; specifically to worship

מִשְׁפָּ֖ט4 of 10

judgment

H4941

properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind

אַשְּׁר֣וּ5 of 10

relieve

H833

to be straight (used in the widest sense, especially to be level, right, happy); figuratively, to go forward, be honest, prosper

חָמ֑וֹץ6 of 10

the oppressed

H2541

properly, violent; by implication, a robber

שִׁפְט֣וּ7 of 10

judge

H8199

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

יָת֔וֹם8 of 10

the fatherless

H3490

a bereaved person

רִ֖יבוּ9 of 10

plead

H7378

properly, to toss, i.e., grapple; mostly figuratively, to wrangle, i.e., hold a controversy; (by implication) to defend

אַלְמָנָֽה׃10 of 10

for the widow

H490

a widow; also a desolate place


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 1:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 1:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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