King James Version

What Does Exodus 22:31 Mean?

Exodus 22:31 in the King James Version says “And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it t... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.

Exodus 22:31 · KJV


Context

29

Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me. the first: Heb. thy fulness liquors: Heb. tear

30

Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me.

31

And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.

'Holy men' (אַנְשֵׁי־קֹדֶשׁ, anshei-qodesh)—set apart people. Holiness affects diet: don't eat torn flesh (טְרֵפָה, terefah, carrion). Why? It's impure—animals killed by predators likely have blood still in them, violating clean eating laws. 'Cast to dogs'—what's unfit for holy people is fit for animals. The principle: holiness extends to all life areas, including meals. Leviticus 11 expands dietary laws. Peter's vision (Acts 10:9-16) declares all foods clean—ceremonial laws fulfilled in Christ. But principle remains: holiness affects practical choices. 'Whether you eat or drink, do all for God's glory' (1 Corinthians 10:31).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Terefah (torn flesh) laws protected Israel from improperly slaughtered animals. In Christ, dietary laws are fulfilled (Mark 7:19, Acts 10:15), but the principle of holiness affecting daily choices continues.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do dietary restrictions teach the principle that holiness affects all life areas?
  2. Although Christians aren't bound by Old Testament food laws, how does 1 Corinthians 10:31 apply the holiness principle?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְאַנְשֵׁי1 of 12
H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

קֹ֖דֶשׁ2 of 12

And ye shall be holy

H6944

a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

תִּֽהְי֣וּן3 of 12
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לִ֑י4 of 12
H0
וּבָשָׂ֨ר5 of 12

any flesh

H1320

flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man

בַּשָּׂדֶ֤ה6 of 12

in the field

H7704

a field (as flat)

טְרֵפָה֙7 of 12

that is torn of beasts

H2966

prey, i.e., flocks devoured by animals

לֹ֣א8 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תֹאכֵ֔לוּ9 of 12

unto me neither shall ye eat

H398

to eat (literally or figuratively)

לַכֶּ֖לֶב10 of 12

it to the dogs

H3611

a dog; hence (by euphemism) a male prostitute

תַּשְׁלִכ֥וּן11 of 12

ye shall cast

H7993

to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively)

אֹתֽוֹ׃12 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 22:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 22:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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