King James Version

What Does Exodus 22:2 Mean?

Exodus 22:2 in the King James Version says “If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.

Exodus 22:2 · KJV


Context

1

If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. or a sheep: or, or a goat

2

If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.

3

If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.

4

If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep; he shall restore double.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.

Theft laws emphasize restitution over retribution—restoring victims exceeds merely punishing thieves. The graduated penalties (200-500% depending on circumstances) deter theft while providing for victim's losses. This restorative justice model contrasts with purely punitive systems. The principle: sin has consequences requiring repayment. Gospel application: Christ paid infinitely more than our debt, providing ultimate restitution for sin's theft of God's glory.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern theft penalties varied widely—some death, some forced labor, some restitution. Israel's approach balanced deterrence with restoration, protecting both victim and perpetrator.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
  2. What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
אִם1 of 9
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

בַּמַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת2 of 9

breaking up

H4290

a burglary; figuratively, unexpected examination

יִמָּצֵ֥א3 of 9

be found

H4672

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

הַגַּנָּ֖ב4 of 9

If a thief

H1590

a stealer

וְהֻכָּ֣ה5 of 9

and be smitten

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

וָמֵ֑ת6 of 9

that he die

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

אֵ֥ין7 of 9
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

ל֖וֹ8 of 9
H0
דָּמִֽים׃9 of 9

there shall no blood

H1818

blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 22:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 22:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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