King James Version

What Does Exodus 21:8 Mean?

Exodus 21:8 in the King James Version says “If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a s... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her. please: Heb. be evil in the eyes of, etc

Exodus 21:8 · KJV


Context

6

Then his master shall bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever.

7

And if a man sell his daughter to be a maidservant, she shall not go out as the menservants do.

8

If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her. please: Heb. be evil in the eyes of, etc

9

And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.

10

If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her.

This judgment (mishpat) from the Book of the Covenant applies moral law to civil society. God's justice is comprehensive—addressing economic disputes, family relations, and community welfare. The case laws teach covenant people how to love God and neighbor practically. Through detailed ordinances, God shapes Israel as holy nation, distinct from pagan neighbors. These laws reveal God's character: just, merciful, concerned with details of everyday life.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Book of the Covenant (Exodus 20:22-23:33) is Israel's foundational legal code, predating later expansions in Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. It addresses civil, criminal, and ceremonial matters.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
  2. What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
אִם1 of 15
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

רָעָ֞ה2 of 15

If she please

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

בְּעֵינֵ֧י3 of 15
H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

אֲדֹנֶ֛יהָ4 of 15

not her master

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

אֲשֶׁר5 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לֹ֥א6 of 15
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְעָדָ֖הּ7 of 15

who hath betrothed

H3259

to fix upon (by agreement or appointment); by implication, to meet (at a stated time), to summon (to trial), to direct (in a certain quarter or positi

וְהֶפְדָּ֑הּ8 of 15

her to himself then shall he let her be redeemed

H6299

to sever, i.e., ransom; generally to release, preserve

לְעַ֥ם9 of 15

nation

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

נָכְרִ֛י10 of 15

her unto a strange

H5237

strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different, wonderful)

לֹֽא11 of 15
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִמְשֹׁ֥ל12 of 15

he shall have no power

H4910

to rule

לְמָכְרָ֖הּ13 of 15

to sell

H4376

to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)

בְּבִגְדוֹ14 of 15

seeing he hath dealt deceitfully

H898

to cover (with a garment); figuratively, to act covertly; by implication, to pillage

בָֽהּ׃15 of 15
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 21:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 21:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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