King James Version

What Does Exodus 18:26 Mean?

Exodus 18:26 in the King James Version says “And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged t... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

Exodus 18:26 · KJV


Context

24

So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father in law, and did all that he had said.

25

And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

26

And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

27

And Moses let his father in law depart; and he went his way into his own land.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves—The system works as designed: routine cases handled locally, difficult cases escalated. The phrase 'at all seasons' (בְּכָל־עֵת, b'khol-et) confirms continuous justice, not periodic hearings. 'Hard causes' (הַדָּבָר הַקָּשֶׁה, hadavar haqasheh) require Moses' unique access to God and wisdom. The distribution 'every small matter they judged themselves' shows the delegates' competence for routine decisions. This balance—delegation with escalation—prevents both burnout and loss of quality. The success of this system proves Jethro's wisdom and Moses' wise implementation. This models how church leadership should function: elders handle routine pastoral care, complex doctrinal or discipline issues escalate to broader leadership.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This system functioned throughout Israel's wilderness wandering and provided the governmental structure for settling Canaan. Its success validated organizational wisdom from outside Israel's covenant community.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does escalation of hard cases prevent both overwhelming leaders and making poor local decisions?
  2. What does the system's success teach about implementing organizational wisdom even from outside sources?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
יִשְׁפּוּט֥וּ1 of 16

And they judged

H8199

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

אֶת2 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָעָ֖ם3 of 16

the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

בְּכָל4 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

עֵ֑ת5 of 16

at all seasons

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

אֶת6 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַדָּבָ֥ר7 of 16

causes

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הַקָּשֶׁה֙8 of 16

the hard

H7186

severe (in various applications)

יְבִיא֣וּן9 of 16

they brought

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל10 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מֹשֶׁ֔ה11 of 16

unto Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וְכָל12 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַדָּבָ֥ר13 of 16

causes

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הַקָּטֹ֖ן14 of 16

but every small

H6996

abbreviated, i.e., diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)

יִשְׁפּוּט֥וּ15 of 16

And they judged

H8199

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

הֵֽם׃16 of 16
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 18:26 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 18:26 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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