King James Version

What Does Exodus 18:23 Mean?

Exodus 18:23 in the King James Version says “If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.

Exodus 18:23 · KJV


Context

21

Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:

22

And let them judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with thee.

23

If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.

24

So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father in law, and did all that he had said.

25

And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure—Jethro's conditional 'if...God command thee so' (וְצִוְּךָ אֱלֹהִים, v'tzivv'kha Elohim) shows wisdom: he offers counsel but defers to divine confirmation. This humility models that human advice, however sound, requires divine validation. The promise 'thou shalt be able to endure' (וְיָכָלְתָּ עֲמֹד, v'yakholta amod, literally 'you will be able to stand') addresses sustainability—proper structure enables longevity. The additional promise 'and all this people shall also go to their place in peace' (וְגַם כָּל־הָעָם הַזֶּה עַל־מְקֹמוֹ יָבֹא בְשָׁלוֹם, v'gam khol-ha'am hazeh al-m'qomo yavo v'shalom) means people will receive justice promptly and return home satisfied. Good structure serves both leader and people.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Moses would later recount this counsel as coming from God's approval (Deuteronomy 1:9-18), confirming that Jethro's advice aligned with divine will. Wise counsel and divine command converged.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jethro's deference to God's command model the proper humility of counselors?
  2. What does 'able to endure' teach about structure's role in sustainable ministry?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
אִ֣ם1 of 17
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

אֶת2 of 17
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַדָּבָ֤ר3 of 17

this thing

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הַזֶּה֙4 of 17
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה5 of 17

If thou shalt do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

וְצִוְּךָ֣6 of 17

command

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

אֱלֹהִ֔ים7 of 17

and God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וְיָֽכָלְתָּ֖8 of 17

thee so then thou shalt be able

H3201

to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)

עֲמֹ֑ד9 of 17

to endure

H5975

to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)

וְגַם֙10 of 17
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

כָּל11 of 17
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָעָ֣ם12 of 17

and all this people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

הַזֶּ֔ה13 of 17
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

עַל14 of 17
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

מְקֹמ֖וֹ15 of 17

to their place

H4725

properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

יָבֹ֥א16 of 17

shall also go

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

בְשָׁלֽוֹם׃17 of 17

in peace

H7965

safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 18:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 18:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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