King James Version

What Does Exodus 18:20 Mean?

Exodus 18:20 in the King James Version says “And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that the... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

Exodus 18:20 · KJV


Context

18

Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone. Thou wilt: Heb. Fading thou wilt fade

19

Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward , that thou mayest bring the causes unto God:

20

And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

21

Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:

22

And let them judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with thee.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk—Jethro outlines Moses' teaching role: 'teach' (הִזְהַרְתָּה, hizhartah, 'warn, instruct') the 'ordinances' (חֻקִּים, chuqqim) and 'laws' (תּוֹרוֹת, torot). The phrase 'shew them the way' (וְהוֹדַעְתָּ לָהֶם אֶת־הַדֶּרֶךְ, v'hoda'ta lahem et-haderekh) uses metaphorical language—law as path. The addition 'and the work that they must do' (וְאֶת־הַמַּעֲשֶׂה אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשׂוּן, v'et-hama'aseh asher ya'asun) emphasizes practical application. This comprehensive teaching role—doctrine and practice, principle and application—remains Moses' priority. Teaching 'the way' anticipates Jesus' self-identification: 'I am the way' (John 14:6). Moses shows the path; Christ is the path.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This teaching function would be fulfilled through Torah instruction after Sinai. Moses' pedagogical role shaped Israel's identity as people defined by God's revealed law.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jethro's description of law as 'the way they must walk' emphasize practical obedience over mere knowledge?
  2. What does Moses showing the way versus Christ being the way teach about Old Covenant versus New?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה1 of 16

And thou shalt teach

H2094

figuratively, to enlighten (by caution)

אֶתְהֶ֔ם2 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֶת3 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַֽחֻקִּ֖ים4 of 16

them ordinances

H2706

an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)

וְאֶת5 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַתּוֹרֹ֑ת6 of 16

and laws

H8451

a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch

וְהֽוֹדַעְתָּ֣7 of 16

and shalt shew

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

לָהֶ֗ם8 of 16
H0
אֶת9 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙10 of 16

them the way

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

יֵ֣לְכוּ11 of 16
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

בָ֔הּ12 of 16
H0
וְאֶת13 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה14 of 16

and the work

H4639

an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property

אֲשֶׁ֥ר15 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יַֽעֲשֽׂוּן׃16 of 16

that they must do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 18:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 18:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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