King James Version

What Does Exodus 16:28 Mean?

Exodus 16:28 in the King James Version says “And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws? — study this verse from Exodus chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

Exodus 16:28 · KJV


Context

26

Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.

27

And it came to pass, that there went out some of the people on the seventh day for to gather, and they found none.

28

And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

29

See, for that the LORD hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.

30

So the people rested on the seventh day.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?—God's question 'How long' (עַד־אָנָה, ad-anah) expresses divine grief at persistent disobedience. The plural 'ye' indicts the entire community for some members' sin—corporate responsibility. 'Refuse' (מֵאַנְתֶּם, me'antem) indicates willful rejection, not ignorant mistake. This rhetorical question previews Israel's chronic rebellion that culminates in 40 years' wilderness wandering. The phrase 'my commandments and my laws' before Sinai shows God's moral order existed prior to formal law-giving. Sabbath-breaking becomes paradigmatic sin: rejecting God's rest reveals hearts that prefer works-righteousness to grace. God's grief here prefigures Christ's lament: 'how often would I have gathered you...and ye would not' (Matt 23:37).

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Historical & Cultural Context

This divine rebuke occurred before the formal giving of the law at Sinai, showing that Sabbath observance was expected based on creation order and immediate instruction.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why is refusing rest (Sabbath-breaking) paradigmatic of all sin against God's provision?
  2. How does God's grief at persistent disobedience reveal His desire for our trust and rest?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר1 of 10

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָ֖ה2 of 10

And the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֶל3 of 10
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מֹשֶׁ֑ה4 of 10

unto Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

עַד5 of 10
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

אָ֙נָה֙6 of 10
H575

where?; hence, whither?, when?; also hither and thither

מֵֽאַנְתֶּ֔ם7 of 10

How long refuse

H3985

to refuse

לִשְׁמֹ֥ר8 of 10

ye to keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

מִצְוֹתַ֖י9 of 10

my commandments

H4687

a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

וְתֽוֹרֹתָֽי׃10 of 10

and my laws

H8451

a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 16:28 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 16:28 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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