King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 15:8 Mean?

Deuteronomy 15:8 in the King James Version says “But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he wantet... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he wanteth.

Deuteronomy 15:8 · KJV


Context

6

For the LORD thy God blesseth thee, as he promised thee: and thou shalt lend unto many nations, but thou shalt not borrow; and thou shalt reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over thee.

7

If there be among you a poor man of one of thy brethren within any of thy gates in thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thine heart, nor shut thine hand from thy poor brother:

8

But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he wanteth.

9

Beware that there be not a thought in thy wicked heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand; and thine eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou givest him nought; and he cry unto the LORD against thee, and it be sin unto thee. thought: Heb. word wicked: Heb. Belial

10

Thou shalt surely give him, and thine heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto him: because that for this thing the LORD thy God shall bless thee in all thy works, and in all that thou puttest thine hand unto.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he wanteth. The emphatic Hebrew construction patoakh tiftakh (opening, you shall open) and ha'avet ta'avitenu (lending, you shall lend) intensifies the command—generosity toward the poor is not optional but obligatory. Dei makhsoro (sufficient for his need) indicates meeting actual necessity, not mere token assistance. The phrase asher yekhsar lo (what he lacks) personalizes aid—each person's need differs, requiring discernment, not formulaic charity.

This open-handed generosity contrasts with the closed-fisted stinginess warned against in 15:7, 9. The Sabbatical year debt release (15:1-3) might tempt creditors to refuse loans as the release year approached. God commands lending anyway, trusting Him to provide. Jesus echoes this principle: 'Give to him that asketh thee' (Matthew 5:42); 'from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.' The early church practiced radical generosity (Acts 2:44-45; 4:32-35), fulfilling the ideal that 'there be no poor among you' (Deuteronomy 15:4).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Sabbatical year (every seventh year) released debts (Deuteronomy 15:1-3), redistributing wealth and preventing permanent poverty. Ancient Near Eastern societies had debt-slavery and land forfeiture, creating permanent underclasses. Israel's system—with Sabbatical release, Jubilee restoration (Leviticus 25), and gleaning rights (Leviticus 19:9-10)—provided safety nets unknown in other cultures. This generosity demonstrated covenant community values, where each member's welfare mattered.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does your generosity reflect trust in God's provision versus fear of personal loss?
  2. What 'need' in your community is God calling you to meet with an 'open hand' rather than token assistance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
כִּֽי1 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

תִּפְתַּ֛ח2 of 13

But thou shalt open

H6605

to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve

תִּפְתַּ֛ח3 of 13

But thou shalt open

H6605

to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve

אֶת4 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יָֽדְךָ֖5 of 13

thine hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

ל֑וֹ6 of 13
H0
תַּֽעֲבִיטֶ֔נּוּ7 of 13

lend

H5670

to pawn; causatively, to lend (on security); figuratively, to entangle

תַּֽעֲבִיטֶ֔נּוּ8 of 13

lend

H5670

to pawn; causatively, to lend (on security); figuratively, to entangle

דֵּ֚י9 of 13

him sufficient

H1767

enough (as noun or adverb), used chiefly with preposition in phrases

מַחְסֹר֔וֹ10 of 13

for his need

H4270

deficiency; hence, impoverishment

אֲשֶׁ֥ר11 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יֶחְסַ֖ר12 of 13

in that which he wanteth

H2637

to lack; by implication, to fail, want, lessen

לֽוֹ׃13 of 13
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 15:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 15:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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