King James Version

What Does Acts 5:31 Mean?

Acts 5:31 in the King James Version says “Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness... — study this verse from Acts chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins.

Acts 5:31 · KJV


Context

29

Then Peter and the other apostles answered and said, We ought to obey God rather than men.

30

The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and hanged on a tree.

31

Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins.

32

And we are his witnesses of these things; and so is also the Holy Ghost, whom God hath given to them that obey him.

33

When they heard that, they were cut to the heart, and took counsel to slay them.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The triumphant proclamation - 'Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins' - presents Christ's dual role. The Greek 'archēgon' (Prince) means originator, founder, pioneer - Christ blazes the trail we follow. 'Saviour' emphasizes deliverance. The phrase 'exalted with his right hand' indicates God's power elevating Christ to supreme authority. The purpose clause 'to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins' shows repentance itself is divine gift, not human achievement. Forgiveness follows repentance chronologically but both derive from grace.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish messianic expectation emphasized ruling Prince. Peter connects political hope to spiritual reality - Christ rules by transforming hearts. That repentance is 'given' contradicts merit theology; even turning to God requires His enabling. The offer 'to Israel' maintained covenant continuity while later extending to Gentiles.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does repentance being God's gift transform your understanding of salvation's source?
  2. What does Christ's dual role as Prince and Saviour teach about His comprehensive lordship?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
τοῦτον1 of 17

Him

G5126

this (person, as objective of verb or preposition)

2 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεὸς3 of 17

hath God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

ἀρχηγὸν4 of 17

to be a Prince

G747

a chief leader

καὶ5 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

σωτῆρα6 of 17

a Saviour

G4990

a deliverer, i.e., god or christ

ὕψωσεν7 of 17

exalted

G5312

to elevate (literally or figuratively)

τῇ8 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δεξιᾷ9 of 17

right hand

G1188

the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes)

αὐτοῦ10 of 17
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δοῦναι11 of 17

for to give

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

μετάνοιαν12 of 17

repentance

G3341

(subjectively) compunction (for guilt, including reformation); by implication, reversal (of (another's) decision)

τῷ13 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰσραὴλ14 of 17

to Israel

G2474

israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)

καὶ15 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἄφεσιν16 of 17

forgiveness

G859

freedom; (figuratively) pardon

ἁμαρτιῶν17 of 17

of sins

G266

a sin (properly abstract)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 5:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 5:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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