King James Version

What Does Acts 23:4 Mean?

Acts 23:4 in the King James Version says “And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God's high priest? — study this verse from Acts chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God's high priest?

Acts 23:4 · King James Version


Context

2

And the high priest Ananias commanded them that stood by him to smite him on the mouth.

3

Then said Paul unto him, God shall smite thee, thou whited wall: for sittest thou to judge me after the law, and commandest me to be smitten contrary to the law?

4

And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God's high priest?

5

Then said Paul, I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people.

6

But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.


Commentaries3 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
Revilest thou God's high priest? (λοιδορεῖς, loidoreis, to insult/revile)—The bystanders rebuked Paul for calling Ananias a 'whited wall' (v. 3), considering this disrespectful to the high priest's office. Their question appeals to religious propriety even while tolerating judicial injustice—Ananias had ordered Paul struck illegally, violating Roman and Jewish law by punishing before conviction. The irony is profound: they defended the dignity of an office occupied by a corrupt man who commanded lawless violence.

This confrontation reveals tension between respecting God-ordained authority and confronting its abuse. Paul's bold denunciation echoed Jesus calling Pharisees 'whitewashed tombs' (Matthew 23:27). The Greek present tense suggests ongoing reviling, implying Paul's statement was seen as sustained disrespect rather than momentary reaction.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ananias son of Nedebaeus served as high priest AD 47-59, known for greed and violence. Josephus records his corruption and theft of tithes from common priests. He was later assassinated by sicarii at the war's outbreak (AD 66). The Sanhedrin setting required decorum, making Paul's outburst shocking to observers.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you balance respect for authority with obligation to confront injustice and corruption?
  2. When does defending institutional dignity become complicity with institutional sin?

Compare 3 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
οἱ1 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 9

And

G1161

but, and, etc

παρεστῶτες3 of 9

they that stood by

G3936

to stand beside, i.e., (transitively) to exhibit, proffer, (specially), recommend, (figuratively) substantiate; or (intransitively) to be at hand (or

εἶπον,4 of 9

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Τὸν5 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀρχιερέα6 of 9

high priest

G749

the high-priest (literally, of the jews; typically, christ); by extension a chief priest

τοῦ7 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ8 of 9

God's

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

λοιδορεῖς9 of 9

Revilest thou

G3058

to reproach, i.e., vilify


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 23:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study