King James Version

What Does Acts 13:19 Mean?

Acts 13:19 in the King James Version says “And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Chanaan, he divided their land to them by lot. — study this verse from Acts chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Chanaan, he divided their land to them by lot.

Acts 13:19 · KJV


Context

17

The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm brought he them out of it.

18

And about the time of forty years suffered he their manners in the wilderness. suffered: or bore, or fed them as a nurse beareth, or feedeth, her child

19

And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Chanaan, he divided their land to them by lot.

20

And after that he gave unto them judges about the space of four hundred and fifty years, until Samuel the prophet.

21

And afterward they desired a king: and God gave unto them Saul the son of Cis, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, by the space of forty years.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Chanaan—Paul references the conquest of Canaan, recounting God's redemptive acts in Israel's history. The "seven nations" (Greek: ἔθνη ἑπτά, ethnē hepta) recalls Deuteronomy 7:1, where God lists the Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. The verb destroyed (καθελών, kathelōn) means "to cast down" or "overthrow," emphasizing God's sovereign power in removing obstacles to His covenant promises.

He divided their land to them by lot (κατεκληρονόμησεν, kateklēronomēsen)—This compound verb literally means "to distribute as an inheritance." Paul highlights God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promise to Abraham (Genesis 15:18-21). The "lot" system (Joshua 14-19) demonstrated divine sovereignty in the land distribution, not human merit. This historical recitation in Paul's Antioch sermon establishes that salvation history flows from God's initiative, preparing his audience to receive Jesus as the culmination of these promises.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Paul delivered this sermon in the synagogue at Pisidian Antioch during his first missionary journey (c. AD 47-48). Speaking to Jews and God-fearing Gentiles, he traces Israel's history from the Exodus to David, establishing continuity between God's past faithfulness and the gospel. The conquest and settlement of Canaan (c. 1406-1375 BC) was foundational to Jewish identity as the fulfillment of the Abrahamic covenant.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel strengthen your confidence in His promises to you through Christ?
  2. What does the "casting down" of seven nations reveal about God's power to remove obstacles to His redemptive purposes in your life?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
καὶ1 of 12

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

καθελὼν2 of 12

when he had destroyed

G2507

to lower (or with violence) demolish (literally or figuratively)

ἔθνη3 of 12

nations

G1484

a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)

ἑπτὰ4 of 12

seven

G2033

seven

ἐν5 of 12

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

γῆν6 of 12

land

G1093

soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)

Χανάαν7 of 12

of Chanaan

G5477

chanaan (i.e., kenaan), the early name of palestine

κατεκληροδότησεν8 of 12

by lot

G2624

to be a giver of lots to each, i.e., (by implication) to apportion an estate

αὐτῶν9 of 12

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὴν10 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γῆν11 of 12

land

G1093

soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)

αὐτῶν12 of 12

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 13:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 13:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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