King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 19:4 Mean?

2 Samuel 19:4 in the King James Version says “But the king covered his face, and the king cried with a loud voice, O my son Absalom, O Absalom, my son, my son! — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But the king covered his face, and the king cried with a loud voice, O my son Absalom, O Absalom, my son, my son!

2 Samuel 19:4 · KJV


Context

2

And the victory that day was turned into mourning unto all the people: for the people heard say that day how the king was grieved for his son. victory: Heb. salvation, or, deliverance

3

And the people gat them by stealth that day into the city, as people being ashamed steal away when they flee in battle.

4

But the king covered his face, and the king cried with a loud voice, O my son Absalom, O Absalom, my son, my son!

5

And Joab came into the house to the king, and said, Thou hast shamed this day the faces of all thy servants, which this day have saved thy life, and the lives of thy sons and of thy daughters, and the lives of thy wives, and the lives of thy concubines;

6

In that thou lovest thine enemies, and hatest thy friends. For thou hast declared this day, that thou regardest neither princes nor servants: for this day I perceive, that if Absalom had lived, and all we had died this day, then it had pleased thee well . in: Heb. By loving, etc that thou regardest: Heb. that princes or servants are not to thee


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But the king covered his face, and the king cried with a loud voice, O my son Absalom, O Absalom, my son, my son!

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of restoration, leadership wisdom?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ1 of 13

But the king

H4428

a king

לָאַ֣ט2 of 13

covered

H3813

to muffle

אֶת3 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

פָּנָ֔יו4 of 13

his face

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

וַיִּזְעַ֥ק5 of 13

cried

H2199

to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly

הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ6 of 13

But the king

H4428

a king

ק֣וֹל7 of 13

voice

H6963

a voice or sound

גָּד֑וֹל8 of 13

with a loud

H1419

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

בְנִֽי׃9 of 13

O my son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם10 of 13

Absalom

H53

abshalom, a son of david; also (the fuller form) a later israelite

אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם11 of 13

Absalom

H53

abshalom, a son of david; also (the fuller form) a later israelite

בְנִֽי׃12 of 13

O my son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

בְנִֽי׃13 of 13

O my son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 19:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 19:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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