King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 31:5 Mean?

1 Samuel 31:5 in the King James Version says “And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him.

1 Samuel 31:5 · KJV


Context

3

And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him; and he was sore wounded of the archers . and the archers: Heb. and the shooters, men with bows hit: Heb. found him

4

Then said Saul unto his armourbearer , Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it. abuse: or, mock me

5

And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him.

6

So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer , and all his men, that same day together.

7

And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were on the other side Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The armor-bearer's suicide following Saul's death reveals the depth of loyalty Saul commanded from his immediate attendant. The Hebrew 'wayyamot immo' (died with him) emphasizes their shared fate. This servant's faithfulness unto death contrasts with those who fled and survived. His act, while not endorsed, demonstrates that Saul retained the devotion of those nearest him. Even failed leaders may inspire profound loyalty.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The custom of retainers dying with their king appears across ancient cultures. This armor-bearer's suicide represented the ultimate expression of personal loyalty to his master.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the armor-bearer's loyalty suggest about Saul's personal relationships?
  2. How do we evaluate such extreme loyalty in light of Scripture's values?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וַיַּ֥רְא1 of 13

saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

נֹשֵֽׂא2 of 13

And when his armourbearer

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

כֵלָ֖יו3 of 13
H3627

something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)

כִּ֣י4 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

וַיָּ֥מָת5 of 13

and died

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

שָׁא֑וּל6 of 13

that Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

וַיִּפֹּ֥ל7 of 13

he fell

H5307

to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)

גַּם8 of 13
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

ה֛וּא9 of 13
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

עַל10 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

חַרְבּ֖וֹ11 of 13

likewise upon his sword

H2719

drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement

וַיָּ֥מָת12 of 13

and died

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

עִמּֽוֹ׃13 of 13
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 31:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 31:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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