King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 27:2 Mean?

1 Samuel 27:2 in the King James Version says “And David arose, and he passed over with the six hundred men that were with him unto Achish, the son of Maoch, king of G... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David arose, and he passed over with the six hundred men that were with him unto Achish, the son of Maoch, king of Gath.

1 Samuel 27:2 · KJV


Context

1

And David said in his heart, I shall now perish one day by the hand of Saul: there is nothing better for me than that I should speedily escape into the land of the Philistines; and Saul shall despair of me, to seek me any more in any coast of Israel: so shall I escape out of his hand. perish: Heb. be consumed

2

And David arose, and he passed over with the six hundred men that were with him unto Achish, the son of Maoch, king of Gath.

3

And David dwelt with Achish at Gath, he and his men, every man with his household, even David with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the Carmelitess, Nabal's wife.

4

And it was told Saul that David was fled to Gath: and he sought no more again for him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
David's flight to Achish of Gath with six hundred men represents a significant escalation from his earlier desperate visit. The Hebrew 'wayya'abor' (passed over) suggests crossing a boundary, both geographical and spiritual. David's band now included families, transforming from a guerrilla force into a community requiring permanent settlement. This move placed the future king of Israel in service to a Philistine lord, creating moral and political complexities that would test David's integrity throughout his sixteen-month stay.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Achish, son of Maoch (or Maachah), ruled Gath, one of the five principal Philistine cities. The Philistines, recent migrants from the Aegean region, operated as competing city-states rather than a unified nation, allowing David to exploit their political divisions.

Reflection Questions

  1. What compromises have you made in seasons of desperation that created ongoing complications?
  2. How do you navigate relationships with those whose values differ from yours when survival requires cooperation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וַיָּ֣קָם1 of 15

arose

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

דָּוִ֔ד2 of 15

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

וַיַּֽעֲבֹ֣ר3 of 15

and he passed over

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

ה֔וּא4 of 15
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וְשֵׁשׁ5 of 15

with the six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

מֵא֥וֹת6 of 15

hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

אִ֖ישׁ7 of 15

men

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֲשֶׁ֣ר8 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

עִמּ֑וֹ9 of 15
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

אֶל10 of 15
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אָכִ֥ישׁ11 of 15

that were with him unto Achish

H397

akish, a philistine king

בֶּן12 of 15

the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

מָע֖וֹךְ13 of 15

of Maoch

H4582

maok, a philistine

מֶ֥לֶךְ14 of 15

king

H4428

a king

גַּֽת׃15 of 15

of Gath

H1661

gath, a philistine city


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 27:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 27:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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