King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 1:16 Mean?

2 Samuel 1:16 in the King James Version says “And David said unto him, Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying, I have slain the... — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David said unto him, Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying, I have slain the LORD'S anointed.

2 Samuel 1:16 · KJV


Context

14

And David said unto him, How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD'S anointed?

15

And David called one of the young men, and said, Go near, and fall upon him. And he smote him that he died.

16

And David said unto him, Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying, I have slain the LORD'S anointed.

17

And David lamented with this lamentation over Saul and over Jonathan his son:

18

(Also he bade them teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jasher.) of Jasher: or, of the upright


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And David said unto him, Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying, I have slain the LORD'S anointed.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David Learns of Saul's Death, emphasizing honoring God's anointed, genuine grief. The Hebrew terminology emphasizes David's respect for God's anointed (mashiach, מָשִׁיחַ) even after death. David's lament (vv. 19-27) represents some of Scripture's finest poetry, expressing genuine grief without compromising theological truth about Saul's disobedience. Cross-references to 1 Samuel demonstrate narrative continuity while developing themes of covenant faithfulness and proper mourning.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 1 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding honoring God's anointed, genuine grief provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of honoring God's anointed, genuine grief?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
לֵאמֹ֔ר1 of 16

against thee saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֵלָיו֙2 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

דָּוִ֔ד3 of 16

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

דָּֽמְיךָ֖4 of 16

unto him Thy blood

H1818

blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe

עַל5 of 16
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ6 of 16

be upon thy head

H7218

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

כִּ֣י7 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

פִ֗יךָ8 of 16

for thy mouth

H6310

the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos

עָנָ֤ה9 of 16

hath testified

H6030

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,

בְךָ֙10 of 16
H0
לֵאמֹ֔ר11 of 16

against thee saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אָֽנֹכִ֥י12 of 16
H595

i

מֹתַ֖תִּי13 of 16

I have slain

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

אֶת14 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מְשִׁ֥יחַ15 of 16

anointed

H4899

anointed; usually a consecrated person (as a king, priest, or saint); specifically, the messiah

יְהוָֽה׃16 of 16

the LORD'S

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 1:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 1:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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