King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 25:19 Mean?

1 Samuel 25:19 in the King James Version says “And she said unto her servants, Go on before me; behold, I come after you. But she told not her husband Nabal. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And she said unto her servants, Go on before me; behold, I come after you. But she told not her husband Nabal.

1 Samuel 25:19 · KJV


Context

17

Now therefore know and consider what thou wilt do; for evil is determined against our master, and against all his household: for he is such a son of Belial, that a man cannot speak to him.

18

Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched corn, and an hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses. clusters: or, lumps

19

And she said unto her servants, Go on before me; behold, I come after you. But she told not her husband Nabal.

20

And it was so, as she rode on the ass, that she came down by the covert of the hill, and, behold, David and his men came down against her; and she met them.

21

Now David had said, Surely in vain have I kept all that this fellow hath in the wilderness, so that nothing was missed of all that pertained unto him: and he hath requited me evil for good.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And she said unto her servants, Go on before me; behold, I come after you. But she told not her husband Nabal.

Abigail's tactical approach continues her wisdom. Sending servants ahead with provisions allowed time for gifts to create favorable impression before her personal appeal. The Hebrew 'hinneni' (behold I) indicates she would follow shortly. The crucial detail—'she told not her husband Nabal'—reveals her assessment that informing him would only make matters worse. This action, bypassing her husband's authority in emergency, has occasioned much discussion. Given Nabal's characterization as a fool who 'cannot be spoken to,' Abigail's independent action represents wisdom responding to emergency rather than rebellious defiance. She saved her household when her husband's foolishness endangered it.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern households expected wifely submission, but Abigail's action falls within recognized exceptions for preventing household disaster. Her silence toward Nabal reflects the servant's assessment that speaking to him was impossible. She acted to save, not to subvert.

Reflection Questions

  1. When might emergency circumstances justify acting without consulting those in authority?
  2. What does Abigail's withholding information from Nabal teach about wisdom in impossible situations?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַתֹּ֤אמֶר1 of 11

And she said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

לִנְעָרֶ֙יהָ֙2 of 11

unto her servants

H5288

(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit

עִבְר֣וּ3 of 11

Go on

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

לְפָנַ֔י4 of 11

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

הִנְנִ֖י5 of 11
H2005

lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if

אַֽחֲרֵיכֶ֣ם6 of 11

after

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

בָּאָ֑ה7 of 11

me behold I come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

וּלְאִישָׁ֥הּ8 of 11

not her husband

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

נָבָ֖ל9 of 11

Nabal

H5037

nabal, an israelite

לֹ֥א10 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

הִגִּֽידָה׃11 of 11

you But she told

H5046

properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 25:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 25:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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