King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 24:19 Mean?

1 Samuel 24:19 in the King James Version says “For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the LORD reward thee good for that thou hast done u... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the LORD reward thee good for that thou hast done unto me this day.

1 Samuel 24:19 · KJV


Context

17

And he said to David, Thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee evil.

18

And thou hast shewed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not. delivered: Heb. shut up

19

For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the LORD reward thee good for that thou hast done unto me this day.

20

And now, behold, I know well that thou shalt surely be king, and that the kingdom of Israel shall be established in thine hand.

21

Swear now therefore unto me by the LORD, that thou wilt not cut off my seed after me, and that thou wilt not destroy my name out of my father's house.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the LORD reward thee good for that thou hast done unto me this day.

Saul's rhetorical question acknowledges the extraordinary nature of David's mercy. The Hebrew 'veshilleho bederek tovah' (let him go well away/send him off in a good way) describes more than mere release—David actively blessed Saul rather than just refraining from harm. Saul's prayer 'the LORD reward thee good' invokes divine blessing on David—remarkable from his pursuer. The phrase 'this day' (hayyom hazzeh) emphasizes the immediate demonstration. Yet Saul's blessing remains passive—he asks God to reward David rather than committing to cease his persecution. He prays for David's reward while planning to deny it.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The logic of ancient Near Eastern blood feuds and power struggles made releasing enemies nearly unthinkable. Saul's question reflects cultural assumptions David defied. His blessing invokes Yahweh as guarantor of righteous recompense.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does David's treatment of Saul model Christ's teaching to love enemies?
  2. What does Saul's blessing without behavioral change reveal about incomplete repentance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
וְכִֽי1 of 17
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִמְצָ֥א2 of 17

find

H4672

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

אִישׁ֙3 of 17

For if a man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֶת4 of 17
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֹ֣יְב֔וֹ5 of 17

his enemy

H341

hating; an adversary

וְשִׁלְּח֖וֹ6 of 17

will he let him go

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ7 of 17

away

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

טוֹבָ֔ה8 of 17

thee good

H2896

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good

וַֽיהוָה֙9 of 17

wherefore the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

יְשַׁלֶּמְךָ֣10 of 17

reward

H7999

to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate

טוֹבָ֔ה11 of 17

thee good

H2896

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good

תַּ֚חַת12 of 17
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

הַיּ֣וֹם13 of 17

unto me this day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

הַזֶּ֔ה14 of 17
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

אֲשֶׁ֥ר15 of 17
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

עָשִׂ֖יתָה16 of 17

for that thou hast done

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לִֽי׃17 of 17
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 24:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 24:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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