King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 23:21 Mean?

1 Samuel 23:21 in the King James Version says “And Saul said, Blessed be ye of the LORD; for ye have compassion on me. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Saul said, Blessed be ye of the LORD; for ye have compassion on me.

1 Samuel 23:21 · KJV


Context

19

Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in strong holds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of Jeshimon? on: Heb. on the right hand Jeshimon: or, the wilderness

20

Now therefore, O king, come down according to all the desire of thy soul to come down; and our part shall be to deliver him into the king's hand.

21

And Saul said, Blessed be ye of the LORD; for ye have compassion on me.

22

Go, I pray you, prepare yet, and know and see his place where his haunt is, and who hath seen him there: for it is told me that he dealeth very subtilly. haunt: Heb. foot shall be

23

See therefore, and take knowledge of all the lurking places where he hideth himself, and come ye again to me with the certainty, and I will go with you: and it shall come to pass, if he be in the land, that I will search him out throughout all the thousands of Judah.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Saul said, Blessed be ye of the LORD; for ye have compassion on me.

Saul's response reveals profound spiritual confusion. The Hebrew 'beruchim attem la-Yahweh' (blessed be you of the LORD) invokes divine blessing on those helping him pursue God's anointed. His claim that they showed 'compassion' (Hebrew 'chamaltem') for him casts himself as victim rather than persecutor. This distorted self-perception typifies those who have rejected God's word—they reinterpret their wickedness as righteousness and view enablers as compassionate friends. Saul blessed in God's name those who helped him oppose God's purposes. Religious language employed against God's will becomes blasphemous inversion.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Blessing formulas invoking Yahweh were common expressions of gratitude. Saul's use of such language to thank those helping him pursue David shows how religious vocabulary can be divorced from genuine piety. His self-pity ('compassion on me') denied his role as aggressor.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can religious language be misused to sanction ungodly actions?
  2. What does Saul's self-perception as victim teach about spiritual blindness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר1 of 8

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

שָׁא֔וּל2 of 8

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

בְּרוּכִ֥ים3 of 8

Blessed

H1288

to kneel; by implication to bless god (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (god or the king, as

אַתֶּ֖ם4 of 8
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

לַֽיהוָ֑ה5 of 8

be ye of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

כִּ֥י6 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

חֲמַלְתֶּ֖ם7 of 8

for ye have compassion

H2550

to commiserate; by implication, to spare

עָלָֽי׃8 of 8
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 23:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 23:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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