King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 24:13 Mean?

1 Samuel 24:13 in the King James Version says “As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.

1 Samuel 24:13 · KJV


Context

11

Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and killed thee not, know thou and see that there is neither evil nor transgression in mine hand, and I have not sinned against thee; yet thou huntest my soul to take it.

12

The LORD judge between me and thee, and the LORD avenge me of thee: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.

13

As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.

14

After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea.

15

The LORD therefore be judge, and judge between me and thee, and see, and plead my cause, and deliver me out of thine hand. deliver: Heb. judge


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.

David's refusal to harm Saul despite opportunity and justification demonstrates respect for God's authority structures even when those in authority act wickedly. His conviction that he cannot 'stretch forth my hand against the LORD's anointed' teaches the principle of leaving vengeance to God rather than taking matters into one's own hands. David's restraint shows mature faith that trusts God to vindicate and promote in His timing. This passage warns against using apparent opportunities to advance personal interests when doing so requires violating godly principles.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The establishment of monarchy around 1050-1010 BCE represented a dramatic political and theological shift for Israel. Unlike surrounding nations where kings were considered divine or semi-divine, Israel's kings were supposed to function under God's ultimate authority as laid out in Deuteronomy 17:14-20. The Benjamite tribe occupied strategic territory between Ephraim and Judah, making Saul's selection a politically astute choice to balance tribal rivalries. Archaeological remains from this period show increased fortification and centralization of settlements, confirming the transition to state-level organization.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen our understanding of God's character, purposes, and ways of working in human history?
  2. What specific heart attitudes, thought patterns, or life practices does this passage call you to examine or change?
  3. How does this passage connect to the larger biblical narrative of redemption and point toward Christ and the gospel?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר1 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יֹאמַ֗ר2 of 11

As saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

מְשַׁל֙3 of 11

the proverb

H4912

properly, a pithy maxim, usually of metaphorical nature; hence, a simile (as an adage, poem, discourse)

הַקַּדְמֹנִ֔י4 of 11

of the ancients

H6931

(of time) anterior or (of place) oriental

מֵֽרְשָׁעִ֖ים5 of 11

from the wicked

H7563

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

יֵ֣צֵא6 of 11

proceedeth

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

רֶ֑שַׁע7 of 11

Wickedness

H7562

a wrong (especially moral)

וְיָדִ֖י8 of 11

but mine hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

לֹ֥א9 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִֽהְיֶה10 of 11
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

בָּֽךְ׃11 of 11
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 24:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 24:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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