King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 24:14 Mean?

1 Samuel 24:14 in the King James Version says “After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea.

1 Samuel 24:14 · KJV


Context

12

The LORD judge between me and thee, and the LORD avenge me of thee: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.

13

As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.

14

After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea.

15

The LORD therefore be judge, and judge between me and thee, and see, and plead my cause, and deliver me out of thine hand. deliver: Heb. judge

16

And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul said, Is this thy voice, my son David? And Saul lifted up his voice, and wept.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea.

David's refusal to harm Saul despite opportunity and justification demonstrates respect for God's authority structures even when those in authority act wickedly. His conviction that he cannot 'stretch forth my hand against the LORD's anointed' teaches the principle of leaving vengeance to God rather than taking matters into one's own hands. David's restraint shows mature faith that trusts God to vindicate and promote in His timing. This passage warns against using apparent opportunities to advance personal interests when doing so requires violating godly principles.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The establishment of monarchy around 1050-1010 BCE represented a dramatic political and theological shift for Israel. Unlike surrounding nations where kings were considered divine or semi-divine, Israel's kings were supposed to function under God's ultimate authority as laid out in Deuteronomy 17:14-20. The Benjamite tribe occupied strategic territory between Ephraim and Judah, making Saul's selection a politically astute choice to balance tribal rivalries. Archaeological remains from this period show increased fortification and centralization of settlements, confirming the transition to state-level organization.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen our understanding of God's character, purposes, and ways of working in human history?
  2. What specific heart attitudes, thought patterns, or life practices does this passage call you to examine or change?
  3. How does this passage connect to the larger biblical narrative of redemption and point toward Christ and the gospel?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
אַֽחֲרֵ֖י1 of 15

After

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

מִ֤י2 of 15
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

יָצָא֙3 of 15

come out

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

מֶ֣לֶךְ4 of 15

whom is the king

H4428

a king

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל5 of 15

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אַֽחֲרֵ֖י6 of 15

After

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

מִ֖י7 of 15
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

אַתָּ֣ה8 of 15
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

רֹדֵ֑ף9 of 15

whom dost thou pursue

H7291

to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)

אַֽחֲרֵ֖י10 of 15

After

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

כֶּ֣לֶב11 of 15

dog

H3611

a dog; hence (by euphemism) a male prostitute

מֵ֔ת12 of 15

a dead

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

אַֽחֲרֵ֖י13 of 15

After

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

פַּרְעֹ֥שׁ14 of 15

flea

H6550

a flea (as the isolated insect)

אֶחָֽד׃15 of 15

a

H259

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 24:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 24:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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