King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 17:4 Mean?

1 Samuel 17:4 in the King James Version says “And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits an... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.

1 Samuel 17:4 · KJV


Context

2

And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together, and pitched by the valley of Elah, and set the battle in array against the Philistines. set: Heb. ranged the battle

3

And the Philistines stood on a mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on a mountain on the other side: and there was a valley between them.

4

And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.

5

And he had an helmet of brass upon his head, and he was armed with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat was five thousand shekels of brass. armed: Heb. clothed

6

And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders. target: or, gorget


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.

Goliath's emergence as 'champion' (ish habbenayim, literally 'man of the between') suggests a professional warrior designated for representative combat. His height of 'six cubits and a span' (approximately 9.5 feet) placed him in legendary proportions, though some manuscripts read 'four cubits' (6.5 feet). Either way, Goliath represented humanly insurmountable opposition - the kind of giant that paralyzes faith and invites despair.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Gath was one of five Philistine city-states and home to other giants (2 Samuel 21:22). Representative combat, where armies agreed to abide by single combat's outcome, was practiced throughout the ancient Mediterranean. Such combat reduced casualties while settling disputes through perceived divine judgment.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'giants' in your life seem humanly impossible to overcome?
  2. How does Goliath's impressive appearance represent the intimidating nature of spiritual opposition?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיֵּצֵ֤א1 of 12

And there went out

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

אִֽישׁ2 of 12

a champion

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

הַבֵּנַ֙יִם֙3 of 12
H1143

a double interval, i.e., the space between two armies

מִמַּֽחֲנ֣וֹת4 of 12

out of the camp

H4264

an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e

פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים5 of 12

of the Philistines

H6430

a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth

גָּלְיָ֥ת6 of 12

Goliath

H1555

goljath, a philistine

שְׁמ֖וֹ7 of 12

named

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

מִגַּ֑ת8 of 12

of Gath

H1661

gath, a philistine city

גָּבְה֕וֹ9 of 12

whose height

H1363

elation, grandeur, arrogance

שֵׁ֥שׁ10 of 12

was six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

אַמּ֖וֹת11 of 12

cubits

H520

properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)

וָזָֽרֶת׃12 of 12

and a span

H2239

the spread of the fingers, i.e., a span


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 17:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 17:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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