King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 1:15 Mean?

1 Samuel 1:15 in the King James Version says “And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drin... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD. of a sorrowful: Heb. hard of spirit

1 Samuel 1:15 · KJV


Context

13

Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.

14

And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

15

And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD. of a sorrowful: Heb. hard of spirit

16

Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto. complaint: or, meditation

17

Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Hannah's respectful response ('No, my lord') maintains proper deference despite being falsely accused. Her self-description as 'a woman of sorrowful spirit' uses the Hebrew phrase qeshat ruach (hard/difficult of spirit), indicating severe emotional distress. The denial of intoxicating drink echoes the Nazirite restrictions she would later impose on her son. Her phrase 'poured out my soul' (shaphak nephesh) pictures prayer as complete emptying of oneself before God - an outpouring that leaves nothing hidden or held back.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Hebrew verb shaphak (to pour out) is used elsewhere for pouring blood, water, or wrath. Its application to prayer suggests complete self-offering before God. This language later appears in Lamentations 2:19 and Psalm 62:8.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does 'pouring out your soul' before God look like in your prayer life?
  2. How do you respond when falsely accused or misunderstood in spiritual contexts?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַתַּ֨עַן1 of 18

answered

H6030

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,

חַנָּ֤ה2 of 18

And Hannah

H2584

channah, an israelitess

וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙3 of 18

and said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

לֹ֣א4 of 18
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

אֲדֹנִ֔י5 of 18

No my lord

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

אִשָּׁ֤ה6 of 18

I am a woman

H802

a woman

קְשַׁת7 of 18

of a sorrowful

H7186

severe (in various applications)

ר֙וּחַ֙8 of 18

spirit

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

אָנֹ֔כִי9 of 18
H595

i

וְיַ֥יִן10 of 18

neither wine

H3196

wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication

וְשֵׁכָ֖ר11 of 18

nor strong drink

H7941

an intoxicant, i.e., intensely alcoholic liquor

לֹ֣א12 of 18
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

שָׁתִ֑יתִי13 of 18

I have drunk

H8354

to imbibe (literally or figuratively)

וָֽאֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ14 of 18

but have poured out

H8210

to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc

אֶת15 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

נַפְשִׁ֖י16 of 18

my soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

לִפְנֵ֥י17 of 18

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

יְהוָֽה׃18 of 18

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 1:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 1:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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