King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 5:3 Mean?

1 Kings 5:3 in the King James Version says “Thou knowest how that David my father could not build an house unto the name of the LORD his God for the wars which were... — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thou knowest how that David my father could not build an house unto the name of the LORD his God for the wars which were about him on every side, until the LORD put them under the soles of his feet.

1 Kings 5:3 · KJV


Context

1

And Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants unto Solomon; for he had heard that they had anointed him king in the room of his father: for Hiram was ever a lover of David.

2

And Solomon sent to Hiram, saying,

3

Thou knowest how that David my father could not build an house unto the name of the LORD his God for the wars which were about him on every side, until the LORD put them under the soles of his feet.

4

But now the LORD my God hath given me rest on every side, so that there is neither adversary nor evil occurrent.

5

And, behold, I purpose to build an house unto the name of the LORD my God, as the LORD spake unto David my father, saying, Thy son, whom I will set upon thy throne in thy room, he shall build an house unto my name. purpose: Heb. say


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thou knowest how that David my father could not build an house unto the name of the LORD his God for the wars which were about him on every side, until the LORD put them under the soles of his feet.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of preparations for building the temple, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the temple as God's dwelling place help us understand Christ's incarnation and the church as God's temple today?
  2. What does Solomon's prayer and dedication teach about approaching God in worship and prayer?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 24 words
אַתָּ֨ה1 of 24
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

יָדַ֜עְתָּ2 of 24

Thou knowest

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

אֶת3 of 24
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

דָּוִ֣ד4 of 24

how that David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

אָבִ֗י5 of 24

my father

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

כִּ֣י6 of 24
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לֹ֤א7 of 24
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָכֹל֙8 of 24

could

H3201

to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)

לִבְנ֣וֹת9 of 24

not build

H1129

to build (literally and figuratively)

בַּ֗יִת10 of 24

an house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

לְשֵׁם֙11 of 24

unto the ~

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

יְהוָה֙12 of 24

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהָ֔יו13 of 24

his God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

מִפְּנֵ֥י14 of 24

for

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה15 of 24

the wars

H4421

a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)

אֲשֶׁ֣ר16 of 24
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

סְבָבֻ֑הוּ17 of 24

which were about him on every side

H5437

to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively

עַ֤ד18 of 24
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

תֵּת19 of 24

put

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

יְהוָה֙20 of 24

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֹתָ֔ם21 of 24
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

תַּ֖חַת22 of 24
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

כַּפּ֥וֹת23 of 24

them under the soles

H3709

the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-

רַגְלָֽו24 of 24

of his feet

H7272

a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 5:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 5:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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