King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 15:29 Mean?

1 Kings 15:29 in the King James Version says “And it came to pass, when he reigned, that he smote all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam any that breathed... — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And it came to pass, when he reigned, that he smote all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam any that breathed, until he had destroyed him, according unto the saying of the LORD, which he spake by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite:

1 Kings 15:29 · KJV


Context

27

And Baasha the son of Ahijah, of the house of Issachar, conspired against him; and Baasha smote him at Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel laid siege to Gibbethon.

28

Even in the third year of Asa king of Judah did Baasha slay him, and reigned in his stead.

29

And it came to pass, when he reigned, that he smote all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam any that breathed, until he had destroyed him, according unto the saying of the LORD, which he spake by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite:

30

Because of the sins of Jeroboam which he sinned, and which he made Israel sin, by his provocation wherewith he provoked the LORD God of Israel to anger.

31

Now the rest of the acts of Nadab, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And it came to pass, when he reigned, that he smote all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam any that breathed, until he had destroyed him, according unto the saying of the LORD, which he spake by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite:

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of kings of judah and israel: abijam, asa, nadab, baasha, within the book's focus on spiritual decline of both kingdoms under various rulers. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This period (c. 930-850 BCE) saw rapid succession and instability, especially in the northern kingdom.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage illustrate the importance of complete obedience to God's word without compromise?
  2. What does Elijah's ministry reveal about God's character and His commitment to His covenant people?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 22 words
וַיְהִ֣י1 of 22
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כְמָלְכ֗וֹ2 of 22

And it came to pass when he reigned

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

הִכָּה֙3 of 22

that he smote

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

אֶת4 of 22
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל5 of 22
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בֵּ֣ית6 of 22

all the house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

לְיָֽרָבְעָ֖ם7 of 22

not to Jeroboam

H3379

jarobam, the name of two israelite kings

לֹֽא8 of 22
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

הִשְׁאִ֧יר9 of 22

he left

H7604

properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant

כָּל10 of 22
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

נְשָׁמָ֛ה11 of 22

any that breathed

H5397

a puff, i.e., wind, angry or vital breath, divine inspiration, intellect. or (concretely) an animal

לְיָֽרָבְעָ֖ם12 of 22

not to Jeroboam

H3379

jarobam, the name of two israelite kings

עַד13 of 22
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

הִשְׁמִד֑וֹ14 of 22

until he had destroyed

H8045

to desolate

כִּדְבַ֣ר15 of 22

him according unto the saying

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

יְהוָ֔ה16 of 22

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֲשֶׁ֣ר17 of 22
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

דִּבֶּ֔ר18 of 22

which he spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

בְּיַד19 of 22

by

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

עַבְדּ֖וֹ20 of 22

his servant

H5650

a servant

אֲחִיָּ֥ה21 of 22

Ahijah

H281

achijah, the name of nine israelites

הַשִּֽׁילֹנִֽי׃22 of 22

the Shilonite

H7888

a shilonite or inhabitant of shiloh


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 15:29 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 15:29 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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