King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 1:18 Mean?

1 Kings 1:18 in the King James Version says “And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth; and now, my lord the king, thou knowest it not: — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth; and now, my lord the king, thou knowest it not:

1 Kings 1:18 · KJV


Context

16

And Bathsheba bowed, and did obeisance unto the king. And the king said, What wouldest thou? What: Heb. What to thee?

17

And she said unto him, My lord, thou swarest by the LORD thy God unto thine handmaid, saying, Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne.

18

And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth; and now, my lord the king, thou knowest it not:

19

And he hath slain oxen and fat cattle and sheep in abundance, and hath called all the sons of the king, and Abiathar the priest, and Joab the captain of the host: but Solomon thy servant hath he not called.

20

And thou, my lord, O king, the eyes of all Israel are upon thee, that thou shouldest tell them who shall sit on the throne of my lord the king after him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth; and now, my lord the king, thou knowest it not:

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's accession and adonijah's rebellion, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage illustrate the importance of clear succession planning and communication in leadership transitions?
  2. What does Solomon's consolidation of power reveal about the relationship between justice, mercy, and political necessity?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וְעַתָּ֕ה1 of 9
H6258

at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive

הִנֵּ֥ה2 of 9
H2009

lo!

אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֖ה3 of 9

And now behold Adonijah

H138

adonijah, the name of three israelites

מָלָ֑ךְ4 of 9

reigneth

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

וְעַתָּ֛ה5 of 9
H6258

at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive

אֲדֹנִ֥י6 of 9

and now my lord

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ7 of 9

the king

H4428

a king

לֹ֥א8 of 9
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָדָֽעְתָּ׃9 of 9

thou knowest

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 1:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 1:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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