About Ezra

Ezra records the return from exile and the rebuilding of the temple, followed by Ezra's ministry of spiritual restoration.

Author: EzraWritten: c. 450-400 BCReading time: ~2 minVerses: 15
RestorationTemple RebuildingLawPurityPrayerConfession

King James Version

Ezra 9

15 verses with commentary

Ezra's Prayer About Intermarriage

Now when these things were done, the princes came to me, saying, The people of Israel, and the priests, and the Levites, have not separated themselves from the people of the lands, doing according to their abominations, even of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Jebusites, the Ammonites, the Moabites, the Egyptians, and the Amorites.

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KJV Study Commentary

The phrase 'when these things were done' marks transition from travel narrative to spiritual crisis. The 'princes' who approached Ezra demonstrate that knowledge of sin came from within the leadership, not external accusation. The accusation—'have not separated themselves from the people of the lands'—identifies the core problem: failure to maintain covenant distinctiveness. The catalogue of natio...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

**IX.** (1) **Now when these things were done.**—The remainder of the book is occupied with the execution of Ezra’s function as a moral reformer. One chief disorder is mentioned, that of the mixed marriages (Ezra 9:2), which the new lawgiver evidently regarded as fatal to the purity of the Divine service, and to the design of God in separating for a season this peculiar people. (1-4) The report of...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**34-36. the priests were too few, ... wherefore their brethren the Levites did help them--**The skins of beasts intended as peace offerings might be taken off by the officers, because, in such cases, the carcass was not wholly laid upon the altar; but animals meant for burnt offerings which were wholly consumed by fire could be flayed by the priests alone, not even the Levites being allowed to to...
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For they have taken of their daughters for themselves, and for their sons: so that the holy seed have mingled themselves with the people of those lands: yea, the hand of the princes and rulers hath been chief in this trespass.

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KJV Study Commentary

The crisis of intermarriage: 'For they have taken of their daughters for themselves, and for their sons: so that the holy seed have mingled themselves with the people of those lands: yea, the hand of the princes and rulers hath been chief in this trespass.' The phrase 'holy seed' (zera ha-qodesh) refers to Israel, set apart for God (Exodus 19:6, Deuteronomy 7:6). 'Mingled' (hit'arevu) indicates mi...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**34-36. the priests were too few, ... wherefore their brethren the Levites did help them--**The skins of beasts intended as peace offerings might be taken off by the officers, because, in such cases, the carcass was not wholly laid upon the altar; but animals meant for burnt offerings which were wholly consumed by fire could be flayed by the priests alone, not even the Levites being allowed to to...
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And when I heard this thing, I rent my garment and my mantle, and plucked off the hair of my head and of my beard, and sat down astonied.

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra's emotional devastation intensified: 'I sat down astonied until the evening sacrifice.' The word 'astonied' (Hebrew <em>shamem</em>) means desolated, appalled, devastated. He remained in this state for hours—from when he heard the news until 3 PM (evening sacrifice time). This prolonged grief demonstrates the seriousness of sin in godly perspective. Ezra didn't quickly move past shock to prag...
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Then were assembled unto me every one that trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the transgression of those that had been carried away; and I sat astonied until the evening sacrifice.

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KJV Study Commentary

The gathering: 'Then were assembled unto me every one that trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the transgression of those that had been carried away.' The phrase 'trembled at the words of God' describes those who take Scripture seriously with appropriate fear. These gathered supporters felt proper horror at covenant violation. Their assembly around Ezra demonstrates that spiritu...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 30 2Ch 30:1-12. Hezekiah Proclaims a Passover. **1-5. Hezekiah sent to all ... Judah ... to come to ... Jerusalem, to keep the passover--**This great religious festival had not been regularly observed by the Hebrews in their national capacity for a long time because of the division of the kingdom and the many disorders that had followed that unhappy event. Hezekiah longed extremely to ...
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And at the evening sacrifice I arose up from my heaviness; and having rent my garment and my mantle, I fell upon my knees, and spread out my hands unto the LORD my God, heaviness: or, affliction

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KJV Study Commentary

The 'evening sacrifice' (about 3 PM) was one of the two daily <em>tamid</em> offerings. Ezra chose this time deliberately—when the community gathered for sacrifice, his public prayer would have maximum impact and participation. Rising 'from my heaviness' (Hebrew <em>ta'anit</em>, meaning humiliation/affliction) shows Ezra emerging from mourning to intercession. His posture—'fell upon my knees, and...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5-15) Ezra’s prayer of confession and deprecation. (5) **And at the evening sacrifice I arose** **up.**—Until the afternoon Ezra had sat silent and in grief before the Temple, and in presence of the people. Then, amidst the solemnities of the sacrifice, he uttered the prayer which he had been meditating. (6) **And said,** **O my God.**—The confession begins with “O my God;” but Ezra is the repres...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 30 2Ch 30:1-12. Hezekiah Proclaims a Passover. **1-5. Hezekiah sent to all ... Judah ... to come to ... Jerusalem, to keep the passover--**This great religious festival had not been regularly observed by the Hebrews in their national capacity for a long time because of the division of the kingdom and the many disorders that had followed that unhappy event. Hezekiah longed extremely to ...
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And said, O my God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to thee, my God: for our iniquities are increased over our head, and our trespass is grown up unto the heavens. trespass: or, guiltiness

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra's prayer begins with profound shame: 'O my God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to thee, my God.' The repetition 'my God... my God' emphasizes personal relationship even amid corporate guilt. The verb 'ashamed' (<em>bosh</em>) carries sense of humiliation and disgrace. Ezra feels personal shame for corporate sin, demonstrating identificational repentance—though not personally guilty...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 30 2Ch 30:1-12. Hezekiah Proclaims a Passover. **1-5. Hezekiah sent to all ... Judah ... to come to ... Jerusalem, to keep the passover--**This great religious festival had not been regularly observed by the Hebrews in their national capacity for a long time because of the division of the kingdom and the many disorders that had followed that unhappy event. Hezekiah longed extremely to ...
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Since the days of our fathers have we been in a great trespass unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to a spoil, and to confusion of face, as it is this day.

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra's prayer continues with historical confession: 'Since the days of our fathers have we been in a great trespass unto this day.' This acknowledges multi-generational sin—current violations aren't isolated failures but ongoing patterns. The phrase 'for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands' interprets exile theologically. God u...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 30 2Ch 30:1-12. Hezekiah Proclaims a Passover. **1-5. Hezekiah sent to all ... Judah ... to come to ... Jerusalem, to keep the passover--**This great religious festival had not been regularly observed by the Hebrews in their national capacity for a long time because of the division of the kingdom and the many disorders that had followed that unhappy event. Hezekiah longed extremely to ...
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And now for a little space grace hath been shewed from the LORD our God, to leave us a remnant to escape, and to give us a nail in his holy place, that our God may lighten our eyes, and give us a little reviving in our bondage. space: Heb. moment a nail: or, a pin: that is, a constant and sure abode

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra acknowledges recent mercy: 'And now for a little space grace hath been shewed from the LORD our God, to leave us a remnant to escape, and to give us a nail in his holy place.' The phrase 'little space' (brief time) contrasts seventy years exile with recent restoration. The word 'grace' (<em>techinnah</em>) emphasizes unmerited favor. The 'remnant' theology acknowledges that only a portion ret...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 30 2Ch 30:1-12. Hezekiah Proclaims a Passover. **1-5. Hezekiah sent to all ... Judah ... to come to ... Jerusalem, to keep the passover--**This great religious festival had not been regularly observed by the Hebrews in their national capacity for a long time because of the division of the kingdom and the many disorders that had followed that unhappy event. Hezekiah longed extremely to ...
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For we were bondmen; yet our God hath not forsaken us in our bondage, but hath extended mercy unto us in the sight of the kings of Persia, to give us a reviving, to set up the house of our God, and to repair the desolations thereof, and to give us a wall in Judah and in Jerusalem. to repair: Heb. to set up

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KJV Study Commentary

The confession continues: 'For we were bondmen; yet our God hath not forsaken us in our bondage, but hath extended mercy unto us in the sight of the kings of Persia.' The term 'bondmen' acknowledges ongoing subjection—they weren't independent but lived under Persian rule. Yet God's faithfulness operated even in bondage. The phrase 'extended mercy unto us in the sight of the kings of Persia' attrib...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6. the posts--**that is, runners, or royal messengers, who were taken from the king's bodyguard (2Ch 23:1, 2). Each, well mounted, had a certain number of miles to traverse. Having performed his course, he was relieved by another, who had to scour an equal extent of ground; so that, as the government messengers were despatched in all directions, public edicts were speedily diffused throughout th...
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And now, O our God, what shall we say after this? for we have forsaken thy commandments,

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KJV Study Commentary

The rhetorical question: 'And now, O our God, what shall we say after this? for we have forsaken thy commandments.' This acknowledges speechlessness before God—what defense can be offered after receiving mercy? The confession 'we have forsaken thy commandments' admits willful violation, not ignorant mistake. This is covenant breaking, not mere failure. The question format demonstrates that genuine...
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Which thou hast commanded by thy servants the prophets, saying, The land, unto which ye go to possess it, is an unclean land with the filthiness of the people of the lands, with their abominations, which have filled it from one end to another with their uncleanness. by: Heb. by the hand of from: Heb. from mouth to mouth

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra quotes divine prohibition: 'Which thou hast commanded by thy servants the prophets, saying, The land, unto which ye go to possess it, is an unclean land with the filthiness of the people of the lands, with their abominations.' This cites prophetic warnings (not direct Moses quotations but summarizing themes from Leviticus 18, Deuteronomy 7). The land's 'uncleanness' came from inhabitants' pra...
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Now therefore give not your daughters unto their sons, neither take their daughters unto your sons, nor seek their peace or their wealth for ever: that ye may be strong, and eat the good of the land, and leave it for an inheritance to your children for ever.

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KJV Study Commentary

The prohibition continues: 'Now therefore give not your daughters unto their sons, neither take their daughters unto your sons, nor seek their peace or their wealth for ever.' This quotes the principle from Deuteronomy 7:3 and 23:6. The prohibition extended beyond marriage to political alliance ('seek their peace') and economic partnership ('their wealth'). The phrase 'for ever' shows this wasn't ...
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And after all that is come upon us for our evil deeds, and for our great trespass, seeing that thou our God hast punished us less than our iniquities deserve, and hast given us such deliverance as this; hast punished: Heb. hast withheld beneath our iniquities

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra acknowledges deserved judgment: 'And after all that is come upon us for our evil deeds, and for our great trespass, seeing that thou our God hast punished us less than our iniquities deserve, and hast given us such deliverance as this.' This profound theology recognizes that exile, though severe, was actually restrained judgment. Total annihilation would be just; survival is mercy. The word '...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**10-12. the posts passed from city to city--**It is not surprising that after so long a discontinuance of the sacred festival, this attempt to revive it should, in some quarters, have excited ridicule and opposition. Accordingly, among the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Zebulun, Hezekiah's messengers met with open insults and ill usage. Many, however, in these very districts, as well as through...
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Should we again break thy commandments, and join in affinity with the people of these abominations? wouldest not thou be angry with us till thou hadst consumed us, so that there should be no remnant nor escaping?

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KJV Study Commentary

The climactic question: 'Should we again break thy commandments, and join in affinity with the people of these abominations? wouldest not thou be angry with us till thou hadst consumed us, so that there should be no remnant nor escaping?' The word 'again' emphasizes repeating previously judged sins. The rhetorical question acknowledges that persistent covenant breaking invites complete destruction...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**10-12. the posts passed from city to city--**It is not surprising that after so long a discontinuance of the sacred festival, this attempt to revive it should, in some quarters, have excited ridicule and opposition. Accordingly, among the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Zebulun, Hezekiah's messengers met with open insults and ill usage. Many, however, in these very districts, as well as through...
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O LORD God of Israel, thou art righteous: for we remain yet escaped, as it is this day: behold, we are before thee in our trespasses: for we cannot stand before thee because of this.

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra concludes his prayer with confession of God's righteousness: 'O LORD God of Israel, thou art righteous.' This acknowledgment is crucial—even while appealing for mercy, Ezra affirms God's just character. The phrase 'we remain yet escaped, as it is this day' emphasizes that their continued existence is grace, not entitlement. The corporate confession 'behold, we are before thee in our trespasse...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**10-12. the posts passed from city to city--**It is not surprising that after so long a discontinuance of the sacred festival, this attempt to revive it should, in some quarters, have excited ridicule and opposition. Accordingly, among the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Zebulun, Hezekiah's messengers met with open insults and ill usage. Many, however, in these very districts, as well as through...
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