King James Version

What Does Ruth 4:12 Mean?

Ruth 4:12 in the King James Version says “And let thy house be like the house of Pharez, whom Tamar bare unto Judah, of the seed which the LORD shall give thee of... — study this verse from Ruth chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And let thy house be like the house of Pharez, whom Tamar bare unto Judah, of the seed which the LORD shall give thee of this young woman.

Ruth 4:12 · KJV


Context

10

Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I purchased to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place: ye are witnesses this day.

11

And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Bethlehem: do thou: or, get thee riches, or, power be famous: Heb. proclaim thy name

12

And let thy house be like the house of Pharez, whom Tamar bare unto Judah, of the seed which the LORD shall give thee of this young woman.

13

So Boaz took Ruth, and she was his wife: and when he went in unto her, the LORD gave her conception, and she bare a son.

14

And the women said unto Naomi, Blessed be the LORD, which hath not left thee this day without a kinsman, that his name may be famous in Israel. left: Heb. caused to cease unto thee kinsman: or, redeemer


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Prophetic prayer: 'And let thy house be like the house of Pharez, whom Tamar bare unto Judah, of the seed which the LORD shall give thee of this young woman'. The blessing references Pharez (Perez), ancestor of Boaz's clan, born through unusual circumstances to Tamar and Judah (Genesis 38). Tamar, like Ruth, was foreigner who demonstrated covenant loyalty exceeding Israelites'. The comparison shows awareness that God's purposes often advance through unexpected people and circumstances. The prayer 'let thy house be like...Pharez' proved spectacularly prophetic—Boaz and Ruth's descendant David established Israel's royal dynasty, and their ultimate descendant Jesus Christ established eternal kingdom. God's providence wove together Tamar's story, Ruth's story, and ultimately Mary's story in the genealogical tapestry culminating in Christ.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Pharez's story (Genesis 38) involved Tamar's righteous deception when Judah's sons failed kinsman-redeemer responsibility. Her actions, though unconventional, demonstrated covenant loyalty and secured Judah's line. The Bethlehem elders' reference to this story showed theological sophistication—recognizing patterns of God working through foreign women, unusual circumstances, and covenant faithfulness that transcends ethnicity. Pharez became ancestor of Judah's royal clan; Ruth would extend this line through David to Christ. The blessing proved more prophetic than speakers imagined—Ruth didn't just produce prosperous family but became direct ancestress of Messiah.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the reference to Tamar and Pharez teach about God's grace incorporating messy, unconventional stories into redemptive history?
  2. How does this blessing's fulfillment beyond imagination illustrate that God's plans exceed our highest prayers?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
וִיהִ֤י1 of 17
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כְּבֵ֣ית2 of 17

And let thy house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

כְּבֵ֣ית3 of 17

And let thy house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

פֶּ֔רֶץ4 of 17

of Pharez

H6557

perets, the name of two israelites

אֲשֶׁר5 of 17
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יָֽלְדָ֥ה6 of 17

bare

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

תָמָ֖ר7 of 17

whom Tamar

H8559

tamar, the name of three women and a place

לִֽיהוּדָ֑ה8 of 17

unto Judah

H3063

jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

מִן9 of 17
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

הַזֶּ֗רַע10 of 17

of the seed

H2233

seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity

אֲשֶׁ֨ר11 of 17
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יִתֵּ֤ן12 of 17

shall give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

יְהוָה֙13 of 17

which the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

לְךָ֔14 of 17
H0
מִן15 of 17
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

הַֽנַּעֲרָ֖ה16 of 17

thee of this young woman

H5291

a girl (from infancy to adolescence)

הַזֹּֽאת׃17 of 17
H2063

this (often used adverb)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ruth. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ruth 4:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ruth 4:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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