King James Version

What Does Matthew 1:3 Mean?

Matthew 1:3 in the King James Version says “And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram; — study this verse from Matthew chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

Matthew 1:3 · KJV


Context

1

The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.

2

Abraham begat Isaac; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat Judas and his brethren;

3

And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

4

And Aram begat Aminadab; and Aminadab begat Naasson; and Naasson begat Salmon;

5

And Salmon begat Booz of Rachab; and Booz begat Obed of Ruth; and Obed begat Jesse;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The inclusion of Judah and Tamar highlights God's grace in using flawed individuals in Christ's lineage. Tamar's account (Genesis 38) involves deception and scandal, yet God sovereignly brings redemption through this broken family line. This foreshadows the gospel truth that Christ came to save sinners, not the righteous.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Tamar was a Canaanite woman who conceived twins through Judah after he failed to fulfill his levirate duty. This occurred during the patriarchal period, roughly 1900-1700 BC.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the inclusion of sinful and scandalous people in Christ's genealogy reveal about God's grace?
  2. How does this genealogy challenge our assumptions about moral perfection as a prerequisite for God's use?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
Ἰούδας1 of 21

Judas

G2455

judas (i.e., jehudah), the name of ten israelites; also of the posterity of one of them and its region

δὲ2 of 21

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐγέννησεν3 of 21

begat

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

τὸν4 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Φαρὲς5 of 21

Phares

G5329

phares (i.e., perets), an israelite

καὶ6 of 21

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὸν7 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ζαρὰ8 of 21

Zara

G2196

zara, (i.e., zerach), an israelite

ἐκ9 of 21

of

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

τῆς10 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Θαμάρ·11 of 21

Thamar

G2283

thamar (i.e., tamar), an israelitess

Φαρὲς12 of 21

Phares

G5329

phares (i.e., perets), an israelite

δὲ13 of 21

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐγέννησεν14 of 21

begat

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

τὸν15 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἑσρὼμ16 of 21

Esrom

G2074

esrom (i.e., chetsron), an israelite

Ἑσρὼμ17 of 21

Esrom

G2074

esrom (i.e., chetsron), an israelite

δὲ18 of 21

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐγέννησεν19 of 21

begat

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

τὸν20 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἀράμ21 of 21

Aram

G689

aram (i.e., ram), an israelite


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 1:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 1:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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