King James Version

What Does Psalms 89:31 Mean?

Psalms 89:31 in the King James Version says “If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; break: Heb. profane — study this verse from Psalms chapter 89 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; break: Heb. profane

Psalms 89:31 · KJV


Context

29

His seed also will I make to endure for ever, and his throne as the days of heaven.

30

If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments;

31

If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; break: Heb. profane

32

Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, and their iniquity with stripes.

33

Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. will: Heb. I will not make void from him to fall: Heb. to lie


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; This verse continues the conditional section begun in verse 30, specifying covenant violations. If they break my statutes uses ʾim-ḥuq-qô-ṯay yə-ḥal-lê-lû (אִם־חֻקֹּתַי יְחַלֵּלוּ), where ḥillēl (חִלֵּל) means to profane, pollute, defile, or violate. This is stronger than mere neglect—it's active desecration. "Statutes" (ḥuqqôṯ, חֻקּוֹת) refers to God's prescribed ordinances and decrees, the specific regulations of covenant life.

And keep not my commandments employs ûmiṣ-wō-ṯay lōʾ yiš-mō-rû (וּמִצְוֹתַי לֹא יִשְׁמֹרוּ). The verb šāmar (שָׁמַר), "to keep," means to guard, observe carefully, treasure. The negative construct "keep not" indicates failure to treasure and obey. "Commandments" (miṣwôṯ, מִצְוֹת) are God's direct commands, His authoritative instructions. Together with verse 30, these verses cover the breadth of covenant obligation: law (tôrāh), judgments (mišpāṭîm), statutes (ḥuqqôṯ), and commandments (miṣwôṯ).

The repetition of "if" (verses 30-31) creates an extended conditional statement resolved in verses 32-34. This grammatical structure emphasizes the seriousness of covenant breaking while building toward God's surprising grace. The sad reality is that David's descendants did break statutes and keep not commandments—yet God's ultimate covenant promise stood firm in Christ, who perfectly kept every statute and commandment, fulfilling the law's righteous requirements (Matthew 5:17, Romans 8:3-4).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's history chronicles repeated violations of God's statutes and commandments. Solomon himself broke the explicit commands against multiplying wives and accumulating wealth (Deuteronomy 17:16-17; 1 Kings 11:1-8). Subsequent kings in both Israel and Judah broke covenant repeatedly: establishing idolatrous shrines, practicing syncretism, neglecting the temple, oppressing the poor, and disregarding the prophets. The exile was divine discipline for these covenant violations (2 Kings 17:7-23, 2 Chronicles 36:15-21). Yet even in judgment, God preserved a remnant and kept His ultimate covenant promise.

Reflection Questions

  1. What is the difference between merely failing to keep God's commandments and actively 'breaking' or 'profaning' His statutes?
  2. How does the structure of verses 30-34 (extended 'if' followed by 'nevertheless') reveal both God's justice and His mercy?
  3. How does Christ's perfect obedience to all of God's statutes and commandments secure salvation for covenant-breakers?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
אִם1 of 6
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

חֻקֹּתַ֥י2 of 6

my statutes

H2708

a statute

יְחַלֵּ֑לוּ3 of 6

If they break

H2490

properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin

וּ֝מִצְוֹתַ֗י4 of 6

not my commandments

H4687

a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

לֹ֣א5 of 6
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִשְׁמֹֽרוּ׃6 of 6

and keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 89:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 89:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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