King James Version

What Does Psalms 139:17 Mean?

Psalms 139:17 in the King James Version says “How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! how great is the sum of them! — study this verse from Psalms chapter 139 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! how great is the sum of them!

Psalms 139:17 · KJV


Context

15

My substance was not hid from thee, when I was made in secret, and curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the earth. substance: or, strength, or, body

16

Thine eyes did see my substance, yet being unperfect; and in thy book all my members were written, which in continuance were fashioned, when as yet there was none of them. all: Heb. all of them which: or, what days they should be fashioned

17

How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! how great is the sum of them!

18

If I should count them, they are more in number than the sand: when I awake, I am still with thee.

19

Surely thou wilt slay the wicked, O God: depart from me therefore, ye bloody men.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! how great is the sum of them! David's response to divine omniscience (vv. 1-6) and creative providence (vv. 13-16) is wonder, not terror. Precious (יָקָר, yaqar) means costly, weighty, honored—God's thoughts toward His people have infinite value. Thoughts (רֵעִים, re'im) can mean purposes, plans, or intentions—not mere abstract ideas but active divine concern.

How great is the sum of them (רָאשֵׁיהֶם, rasheihem) literally means 'their heads' or chief parts—even counting only the main categories of God's thoughts would be overwhelming. This verse bridges the psalm's first half (God's knowledge) with the intensely personal application: God's omniscience is not cold surveillance but caring attentiveness. Every thought of God toward you is precious, purposeful, and innumerable.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Hebrew concept of God's 'thoughts' differs from Greek philosophical abstraction—these are covenant thoughts, relational intentions. Jeremiah 29:11 echoes this: 'I know the thoughts that I think toward you.' For David, fleeing enemies (possibly Absalom or Saul), this was profound comfort.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does knowing that God's thoughts toward you are 'precious' rather than condemning change your view of His omniscience?
  2. In what specific area of your life do you need to trust that God's innumerable thoughts toward you are good and purposeful?
  3. How should the preciousness of God's thoughts toward you shape how you think about others?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְלִ֗י1 of 8
H0
מַה2 of 8
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

יָּקְר֣וּ3 of 8

How precious

H3365

properly, apparently, to be heavy, i.e., (figuratively) valuable; causatively, to make rare (figuratively, to inhibit)

רֵעֶ֣יךָ4 of 8

also are thy thoughts

H7454

a thought (as association of ideas)

אֵ֑ל5 of 8

unto me O God

H410

strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the almighty (but used also of any deity)

מֶ֥ה6 of 8
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

עָ֝צְמוּ7 of 8

how great

H6105

to bind fast, i.e., close (the eyes); intransitively, to be (causatively, make) powerful or numerous; to crunch the bones

רָאשֵׁיהֶֽם׃8 of 8

is the sum

H7218

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 139:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 139:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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