King James Version

What Does Psalms 127:2 Mean?

Psalms 127:2 in the King James Version says “It is vain for you to rise up early, to sit up late, to eat the bread of sorrows: for so he giveth his beloved sleep. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 127 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

It is vain for you to rise up early, to sit up late, to eat the bread of sorrows: for so he giveth his beloved sleep.

Psalms 127:2 · KJV


Context

1

A Song of degrees for Solomon. Except the LORD build the house, they labour in vain that build it: except the LORD keep the city, the watchman waketh but in vain. for: or, of Solomon that: Heb. that are builders of it in it

2

It is vain for you to rise up early, to sit up late, to eat the bread of sorrows: for so he giveth his beloved sleep.

3

Lo, children are an heritage of the LORD: and the fruit of the womb is his reward.

4

As arrows are in the hand of a mighty man; so are children of the youth.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
It is vain for you to rise up early, to sit up late, to eat the bread of sorrowsShav (vain, worthless). For so he giveth his beloved sleep (כֵּן יִתֵּן לִידִידוֹ שֵׁנָא, ken yitten li-ydido shena). Psalm 127 contrasts anxious striving with God-dependent rest. The issue isn't hard work but anxious toil driven by self-reliance. God gives his beloved sleep—not just physical rest but peace of trusting him. This echoes Jesus: "Take no thought for your life" (Matthew 6:25-32). Faith works hard but rests easy.

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Historical & Cultural Context

A Song of Ascents sung by pilgrims to Jerusalem. After verse 1's warning about building without God, verse 2 addresses anxious labor. In agrarian societies, farmers worked dawn to dusk, constantly anxious. This psalm taught God-dependence.

Reflection Questions

  1. What areas involve anxious striving rather than diligent trust?
  2. How do you distinguish godly hard work from "bread of sorrows" mentality?
  3. What would receiving "sleep" as God's gift look like practically?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
שָׁ֤וְא1 of 13

It is vain

H7723

evil (as destructive), literally (ruin) or morally (especially guile); figuratively idolatry (as false, subjective), uselessness (as deceptive, object

לָכֶ֨ם2 of 13
H0
מַשְׁכִּ֪ימֵֽי3 of 13

early

H7925

literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning

ק֡וּם4 of 13

for you to rise up

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

מְאַֽחֲרֵי5 of 13

late

H309

to loiter (i.e., be behind); by implication to procrastinate

שֶׁ֗בֶת6 of 13

to sit up

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

אֹ֭כְלֵי7 of 13

to eat

H398

to eat (literally or figuratively)

לֶ֣חֶם8 of 13

the bread

H3899

food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)

הָעֲצָבִ֑ים9 of 13

of sorrows

H6089

an earthen vessel; usually (painful) toil; also a pang (whether of body or mind)

כֵּ֤ן10 of 13
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

יִתֵּ֖ן11 of 13

for so he giveth

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לִֽידִיד֣וֹ12 of 13

his beloved

H3039

loved

שֵׁנָֽא׃13 of 13

sleep

H8142

sleep


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 127:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 127:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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