King James Version

What Does Psalms 121:6 Mean?

Psalms 121:6 in the King James Version says “The sun shall not smite thee by day, nor the moon by night. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 121 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The sun shall not smite thee by day, nor the moon by night.

Psalms 121:6 · KJV


Context

4

Behold, he that keepeth Israel shall neither slumber nor sleep.

5

The LORD is thy keeper: the LORD is thy shade upon thy right hand.

6

The sun shall not smite thee by day, nor the moon by night.

7

The LORD shall preserve thee from all evil: he shall preserve thy soul.

8

The LORD shall preserve thy going out and thy coming in from this time forth, and even for evermore.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Yomam hashemesh lo yakkekah v'yareach balaylah (By day the sun shall not strike you, nor the moon by night). Nakah (strike/smite/harm) indicates harmful impact. Shemesh (sun) and yareach (moon) represent day and night dangers comprehensively. Ancient belief held that moon could cause harm (English "lunacy" from Latin luna, moon). Whether literal (sunstroke) or symbolic (any daytime/nighttime danger), God promises comprehensive protection around the clock. This builds on verse 5's shade imagery—protected from both day and night perils.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Sunstroke was real danger in Mediterranean climate, especially for travelers, workers, shepherds. 2 Kings 4:18-20 records a child dying after crying "My head, my head" (possibly sunstroke). Isaiah 49:10 promises the redeemed: "neither shall the heat nor sun smite them." Revelation 7:16 echoes: "They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat." Ancient cultures also feared moon's influence—hence "moon-struck" or "lunatic." Whether literal or symbolic, the point: comprehensive divine protection from all dangers, day and night.

Reflection Questions

  1. What "day" dangers (obvious threats) and "night" dangers (hidden perils) do you face?
  2. How does God's comprehensive protection (day and night) address different types of anxieties?
  3. What is the relationship between divine protection and believers experiencing genuine suffering?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
יוֹמָ֗ם1 of 6

thee by day

H3119

daily

הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ2 of 6

The sun

H8121

the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e., (architectural) a notched battlement

לֹֽא3 of 6
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יַכֶּ֗כָּה4 of 6

shall not smite

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

וְיָרֵ֥חַ5 of 6

nor the moon

H3394

the moon

בַּלָּֽיְלָה׃6 of 6

by night

H3915

properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 121:6 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 121:6 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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