King James Version

What Does Psalms 109:11 Mean?

Psalms 109:11 in the King James Version says “Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 109 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour.

Psalms 109:11 · KJV


Context

9

Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.

10

Let his children be continually vagabonds, and beg: let them seek their bread also out of their desolate places.

11

Let the extortioner catch all that he hath; and let the strangers spoil his labour.

12

Let there be none to extend mercy unto him: neither let there be any to favour his fatherless children.

13

Let his posterity be cut off; and in the generation following let their name be blotted out.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Let the extortioner catch all that he hath (יְנַקֵּשׁ נוֹשֶׁה לְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ, yenakesh noseh lechol-asher-lo)—the verb נָקַשׁ (nakash) means "ensnare, lay snares," used of hunters trapping prey. The noun נוֹשֶׁה (noseh) is a creditor or extortioner. The imagery depicts creditors seizing every asset, reducing the enemy to absolute poverty. And let the strangers spoil his labour (וְיָבֹזּוּ זָרִים יְגִיעוֹ, veyavozu zarim yegio)—זָרִים (zarim, "strangers, foreigners") plunder יְגִיעַ (yegia, "the fruit of toil").

This fulfills the covenant curse of Deuteronomy 28:33: "The fruit of thy land, and all thy labours, shall a nation which thou knowest not eat up." David prays for measure-for-measure justice: those who sought to plunder his kingdom through treachery will themselves be plundered. The involvement of "strangers" adds humiliation—in honor-shame culture, losing inheritance to foreigners was ultimate disgrace. Lamentations 5:2 mourns this: "Our inheritance is turned to strangers, our houses to aliens."

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient agrarian economies, debt-seizure was catastrophic and regulated by Torah (Deut 15:1-11, Jubilee provisions). Unscrupulous creditors could reduce families to slavery. David himself showed extraordinary mercy to debtors (the 400 gathered at Adullam, 1 Sam 22:2); his enemies showed none.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the principle of "strangers spoiling your labor" connect to spiritual fruitlessness when we oppose God's purposes?
  2. What does this curse teach about earthly security apart from covenant faithfulness?
  3. How should awareness of financial/material vulnerability drive us to mercy and justice in our dealings?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
יְנַקֵּ֣שׁ1 of 8

catch

H5367

to entrap (with a noose), literally or figuratively

נ֭וֹשֶׁה2 of 8

Let the extortioner

H5383

to lend or (by reciprocity) borrow on security or interest

לְכָל3 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁר4 of 8
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

ל֑וֹ5 of 8
H0
וְיָבֹ֖זּוּ6 of 8

spoil

H962

to plunder

זָרִ֣ים7 of 8

all that he hath and let the strangers

H2114

to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery

יְגִיעֽוֹ׃8 of 8

his labour

H3018

toil; hence, a work, produce, property (as the result of labor)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 109:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 109:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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