King James Version

What Does Psalms 106:42 Mean?

Psalms 106:42 in the King James Version says “Their enemies also oppressed them, and they were brought into subjection under their hand. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 106 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Their enemies also oppressed them, and they were brought into subjection under their hand.

Psalms 106:42 · KJV


Context

40

Therefore was the wrath of the LORD kindled against his people, insomuch that he abhorred his own inheritance.

41

And he gave them into the hand of the heathen; and they that hated them ruled over them.

42

Their enemies also oppressed them, and they were brought into subjection under their hand.

43

Many times did he deliver them; but they provoked him with their counsel, and were brought low for their iniquity. brought: or, impoverished, or, weakened

44

Nevertheless he regarded their affliction, when he heard their cry:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse continues describing oppression. 'Their enemies also oppressed them' uses lachats (לָחַץ), meaning to press, oppress, or afflict. 'They were brought into subjection under their hand' shows total domination—reduced to servitude. This reversed the dominion mandate (Genesis 1:28) and covenant promises of prosperity and ruling over enemies (Deuteronomy 28:1-14). Being subjected by enemies is the opposite of God's design for His image-bearers. Yet this humiliation was covenant curse for disobedience (Deuteronomy 28:43-48). The psalm emphasizes that Israel's subjection wasn't random historical misfortune but God's judgment for covenant-breaking.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The cycle of oppression-repentance-deliverance in Judges exemplifies this. Each oppression brought Israel to desperate circumstances until they cried out. Assyria's conquest of the northern kingdom and Babylon's destruction of Judah and Jerusalem represented the ultimate fulfillment of subjection under enemies. The exile was the covenant curse fully realized—God's people removed from the Promised Land and subjected to pagan empires.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does subjection to enemies demonstrate the reversal of God's purposes for His people?
  2. What is the relationship between corporate sin and corporate suffering under oppressive powers?
  3. How should oppression drive God's people to repentance rather than bitterness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
וַיִּלְחָצ֥וּם1 of 5

also oppressed

H3905

properly, to press, i.e., (figuratively) to distress

אוֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם2 of 5

Their enemies

H341

hating; an adversary

וַ֝יִּכָּנְע֗וּ3 of 5

them and they were brought into subjection

H3665

properly, to bend the knee; hence, to humiliate, vanquish

תַּ֣חַת4 of 5
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

יָדָֽם׃5 of 5

under their hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 106:42 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 106:42 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study