King James Version

What Does Numbers 26:3 Mean?

Numbers 26:3 in the King James Version says “And Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying, — study this verse from Numbers chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,

Numbers 26:3 · KJV


Context

1

And it came to pass after the plague, that the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, saying,

2

Take the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, from twenty years old and upward, throughout their fathers' house, all that are able to go to war in Israel.

3

And Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,

4

Take the sum of the people, from twenty years old and upward; as the LORD commanded Moses and the children of Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt.

5

Reuben, the eldest son of Israel: the children of Reuben; Hanoch, of whom cometh the family of the Hanochites: of Pallu, the family of the Palluites:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them in the plains of Moab (עַרְבֹת מוֹאָב)—this second census occurs at the end of Israel's wilderness journey, nearly 40 years after the first census at Sinai (Numbers 1). The location by Jordan near Jericho places Israel on the threshold of conquest, poised to enter Canaan.

The census leadership transitions from Moses and Aaron (first census) to Moses and Eleazar—Aaron's son now serves as high priest after Aaron's death (Numbers 20:28). This generational shift mirrors the broader theme: the census counts a new generation born in the wilderness, for the original generation died under judgment (Numbers 14:29-35). The census prepares this new generation for conquest and land distribution.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The plains of Moab (east of the Jordan River, opposite Jericho) served as Israel's staging ground for the conquest of Canaan. Moses conducted the second census here in approximately 1406 BC, 38 years after the first census and just before his death. Eleazar had succeeded Aaron as high priest earlier that same year.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's faithfulness to raise up a new generation after the first generation's failure demonstrate His covenant commitment?
  2. What transitions in your life mark the passage from old patterns of unbelief to new seasons of obedience?
  3. How does the census's focus on military-age men 'from twenty years old and upward' reveal God's preparation for spiritual warfare in your own life?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר1 of 11

spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

מֹשֶׁ֜ה2 of 11

And Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וְאֶלְעָזָ֧ר3 of 11

and Eleazar

H499

elazar, the name of seven israelites

הַכֹּהֵ֛ן4 of 11

the priest

H3548

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

אֹתָ֖ם5 of 11
H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת6 of 11

with them in the plains

H6160

a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea

מוֹאָ֑ב7 of 11

of Moab

H4124

moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants

עַל8 of 11
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

יַרְדֵּ֥ן9 of 11

by Jordan

H3383

jarden, the principal river of palestine

יְרֵח֖וֹ10 of 11

near Jericho

H3405

jericho or jerecho, a place in palestine

לֵאמֹֽר׃11 of 11

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 26:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 26:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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