King James Version

What Does Numbers 20:19 Mean?

Numbers 20:19 in the King James Version says “And the children of Israel said unto him, We will go by the high way: and if I and my cattle drink of thy water, then I ... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the children of Israel said unto him, We will go by the high way: and if I and my cattle drink of thy water, then I will pay for it: I will only, without doing any thing else, go through on my feet.

Numbers 20:19 · KJV


Context

17

Let us pass, I pray thee, through thy country: we will not pass through the fields, or through the vineyards, neither will we drink of the water of the wells: we will go by the king's high way, we will not turn to the right hand nor to the left, until we have passed thy borders.

18

And Edom said unto him, Thou shalt not pass by me, lest I come out against thee with the sword.

19

And the children of Israel said unto him, We will go by the high way: and if I and my cattle drink of thy water, then I will pay for it: I will only, without doing any thing else, go through on my feet.

20

And he said, Thou shalt not go through. And Edom came out against him with much people, and with a strong hand.

21

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border: wherefore Israel turned away from him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Israel's second appeal offered to pay for any water consumed and pledged to stay on the highway. This even more accommodating request addressed any economic concern Edom might have. Increasing concession in face of opposition demonstrates good-faith effort at reconciliation. Yet some refusals are absolute regardless of concessions offered.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Offering payment for water showed unusual consideration; ancient custom typically granted travelers water freely. Israel's willingness to pay demonstrated respect for Edom's territory and resources. This generous offer makes Edom's continued refusal all the more unreasonable.

Reflection Questions

  1. How far should you go in making concessions to achieve peace?
  2. What helps you recognize when further concession is futile and acceptance of rejection is necessary?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַיֹּֽאמְר֨וּ1 of 18

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֵלָ֥יו2 of 18
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

בְּנֵֽי3 of 18

And the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵל֮4 of 18

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

בַּֽמְסִלָּ֣ה5 of 18

by the high way

H4546

a thoroughfare (as turnpiked), literally or figuratively; specifically a viaduct, a staircase

נַֽעֲלֶה֒6 of 18

unto him We will go

H5927

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

וְאִם7 of 18
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

מֵימֶ֤יךָ8 of 18

of thy water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

נִשְׁתֶּה֙9 of 18

drink

H8354

to imbibe (literally or figuratively)

אֲנִ֣י10 of 18
H589

i

וּמִקְנַ֔י11 of 18

and if I and my cattle

H4735

something bought, i.e., property, but only live stock; abstractly, acquisition

וְנָֽתַתִּ֖י12 of 18

then I will pay

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

מִכְרָ֑ם13 of 18
H4377

merchandise; also value

רַ֥ק14 of 18
H7535

properly, leanness, i.e., (figuratively) limitation; only adverbial, merely, or conjunctional, although

אֵין15 of 18
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

דָּבָ֖ר16 of 18

for it I will only without doing any thing

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

בְּרַגְלַ֥י17 of 18

on my feet

H7272

a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda

אֶֽעֱבֹֽרָה׃18 of 18

else go through

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 20:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 20:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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