King James Version

What Does Numbers 19:22 Mean?

Numbers 19:22 in the King James Version says “And whatsoever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean; and the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until even. — study this verse from Numbers chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And whatsoever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean; and the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until even.

Numbers 19:22 · KJV


Context

20

But the man that shall be unclean, and shall not purify himself, that soul shall be cut off from among the congregation, because he hath defiled the sanctuary of the LORD: the water of separation hath not been sprinkled upon him; he is unclean.

21

And it shall be a perpetual statute unto them, that he that sprinkleth the water of separation shall wash his clothes; and he that toucheth the water of separation shall be unclean until even.

22

And whatsoever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean; and the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until even.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And whatsoever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean; and the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until the even—The contagious nature of ritual uncleanness (טָמֵא tame) is emphasized by the double use of unclean—both the object touched and the person touching become defiled. The phrase until the even (עַד־הָעָרֶב ad-ha'arev) establishes temporal limitation—uncleanness wasn't permanent but required purification before nightfall.

This verse concludes the red heifer regulations (Numbers 19), which provided purification for corpse contamination—the most severe form of ritual uncleanness. The elaborate cleansing ritual (ashes of red heifer mixed with water, sprinkled on the defiled) foreshadows Christ's blood that 'purges the conscience from dead works to serve the living God' (Hebrews 9:13-14), providing cleansing unavailable through mere ceremonial washings.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The red heifer ritual (Numbers 19) addressed Israel's frequent exposure to death during wilderness wandering and ongoing life in Canaan. Unlike other offerings performed at the tabernacle, red heifer ashes were prepared outside the camp and stored for ongoing purification needs, making cleansing available continuously.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the contagious nature of uncleanness (spreading by mere touch) illustrate sin's corrupting influence?
  2. What does the temporal limitation ('until evening') teach about the availability of cleansing versus permanent defilement?
  3. How does the red heifer's cleansing from death-contamination point forward to Christ's purging of the conscience from 'dead works'?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְכֹ֛ל1 of 11
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁר2 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

הַנֹּגַ֖עַת3 of 11

person toucheth

H5060

properly, to touch, i.e., lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive

בּ֥וֹ4 of 11
H0
הַטָּמֵ֖א5 of 11

And whatsoever the unclean

H2931

foul in a religious sense

תִּטְמָ֥א6 of 11

it shall be unclean

H2930

to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated)

וְהַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ7 of 11

and the soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

הַנֹּגַ֖עַת8 of 11

person toucheth

H5060

properly, to touch, i.e., lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive

תִּטְמָ֥א9 of 11

it shall be unclean

H2930

to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated)

עַד10 of 11
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

הָעָֽרֶב׃11 of 11

until even

H6153

dusk


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 19:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 19:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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