King James Version

What Does Numbers 19:13 Mean?

Numbers 19:13 in the King James Version says “Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, defileth the tabernacle of the LORD... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, defileth the tabernacle of the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel: because the water of separation was not sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.

Numbers 19:13 · KJV


Context

11

He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days. man: Heb. soul of man

12

He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean: but if he purify not himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean.

13

Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, defileth the tabernacle of the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel: because the water of separation was not sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.

14

This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days.

15

And every open vessel, which hath no covering bound upon it, is unclean.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse reveals the gravity of remaining ceremonially unclean: 'he hath defiled the tabernacle of the LORD' and 'that soul shall be cut off from Israel.' The defiled person's presence threatened the holy congregation and God's dwelling among them. The phrase 'cut off' (Hebrew 'karat') could mean excommunication or, in severe cases, divine judgment unto death. This underscores that unconfessed, uncleansed sin separates from God's presence and the covenant community. The New Testament parallel is clear: unrepentant sin grieves the Holy Spirit (Eph 4:30) and disrupts fellowship (1 John 1:6).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Written during the wilderness period when death was frequent (due to plagues, warfare, and natural causes), this law maintained the camp's holiness. The tabernacle stood at the center of Israel's camp, making ceremonial purity essential for corporate worship. Failure to purify oneself showed contempt for God's holiness and the covenant relationship.

Reflection Questions

  1. How seriously do you take the need for daily cleansing through confession and repentance?
  2. What unconfessed sin might be defiling your personal 'tabernacle' - your body as the temple of the Holy Spirit?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 28 words
כָּֽל1 of 28
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַנֹּגֵ֡עַ2 of 28

Whosoever toucheth

H5060

properly, to touch, i.e., lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive

יָמ֜וּת3 of 28

that is dead

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ4 of 28

and that soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

הָֽאָדָ֨ם5 of 28

of any man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

אֲשֶׁר6 of 28
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יָמ֜וּת7 of 28

that is dead

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

וְלֹ֣א8 of 28
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִתְחַטָּ֗א9 of 28

and purifieth

H2398

properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn

אֶת10 of 28
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִשְׁכַּ֤ן11 of 28

the tabernacle

H4908

a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the temple); specifically, the tabernacle (properly, its w

יְהוָה֙12 of 28

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

טִמֵּ֔א13 of 28

not himself defileth

H2930

to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated)

וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה14 of 28

shall be cut off

H3772

to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt

הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ15 of 28

and that soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

הַהִ֖וא16 of 28
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל17 of 28

from Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

כִּי֩18 of 28
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

מֵ֨י19 of 28

because the water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

נִדָּ֜ה20 of 28

of separation

H5079

properly, rejection; by implication, impurity, especially personal (menstruation) or moral (idolatry, incest)

לֹֽא21 of 28
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

זֹרַ֤ק22 of 28

was not sprinkled

H2236

to sprinkle (fluid or solid particles)

עָלָיו֙23 of 28
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

טָמֵ֣א24 of 28

upon him he shall be unclean

H2931

foul in a religious sense

יִֽהְיֶ֔ה25 of 28
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

ע֖וֹד26 of 28
H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more

טֻמְאָת֥וֹ27 of 28

his uncleanness

H2932

religious impurity

בֽוֹ׃28 of 28
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 19:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 19:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study