King James Version

What Does Numbers 19:14 Mean?

Numbers 19:14 in the King James Version says “This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean ... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days.

Numbers 19:14 · KJV


Context

12

He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean: but if he purify not himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean.

13

Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, defileth the tabernacle of the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel: because the water of separation was not sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.

14

This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days.

15

And every open vessel, which hath no covering bound upon it, is unclean.

16

And whosoever toucheth one that is slain with a sword in the open fields, or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent: all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days—Death's contaminating power extended to everyone and everything in proximity. The Hebrew torah (תּוֹרָה, law/instruction) indicates this is authoritative divine teaching governing ritual purity. The tent, Israel's basic dwelling unit, became a zone of contamination requiring comprehensive purification.

Seven days of uncleanness emphasizes death's seriousness—the same duration as major ritual impurities (Leviticus 15:19, 28). Death, sin's ultimate consequence (Genesis 2:17; Romans 6:23), defiled everything it touched. This wasn't superstition but profound theological symbolism: death represents the curse of sin, incompatible with the Holy God's presence. The ritual reminded Israel that they lived in a fallen world under sin's reign until the coming Redeemer would abolish death (2 Timothy 1:10; 1 Corinthians 15:26).

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Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient Near Eastern cultures, death produced ritual impurity requiring purification before resuming normal activities, especially worship. Israel's system was more comprehensive than neighboring cultures, emphasizing death's theological significance as sin's consequence. In practical terms, with approximately 2-3 million Israelites and normal mortality rates, thousands died annually, making corpse contamination a constant concern. This law ensured the community maintained ritual purity necessary for God's presence among them.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does death's contaminating power illustrate sin's pervasive effects on all creation?
  2. What does the requirement for purification before worship teach about God's holiness?
  3. In what ways does Christ's resurrection defeat death's defiling power permanently?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
זֹ֚את1 of 16
H2063

this (often used adverb)

הַתּוֹרָ֔ה2 of 16

This is the law

H8451

a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch

אָדָ֖ם3 of 16

when a man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

כִּֽי4 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יָמ֣וּת5 of 16

dieth

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

בָּאֹ֔הֶל6 of 16

and all that is in the tent

H168

a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)

כָּל7 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַבָּ֤א8 of 16

all that come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל9 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

בָּאֹ֔הֶל10 of 16

and all that is in the tent

H168

a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)

וְכָל11 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁ֣ר12 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּאֹ֔הֶל13 of 16

and all that is in the tent

H168

a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)

יִטְמָ֖א14 of 16

shall be unclean

H2930

to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated)

שִׁבְעַ֥ת15 of 16

seven

H7651

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

יָמִֽים׃16 of 16

days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 19:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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