King James Version

What Does Nahum 1:4 Mean?

Nahum 1:4 in the King James Version says “He rebuketh the sea, and maketh it dry, and drieth up all the rivers: Bashan languisheth, and Carmel, and the flower of ... — study this verse from Nahum chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He rebuketh the sea, and maketh it dry, and drieth up all the rivers: Bashan languisheth, and Carmel, and the flower of Lebanon languisheth.

Nahum 1:4 · KJV


Context

2

God is jealous, and the LORD revengeth; the LORD revengeth, and is furious ; the LORD will take vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth wrath for his enemies. God: or, The LORD is a jealous God, and a revenger, etc is furious: Heb. that hath fury

3

The LORD is slow to anger, and great in power, and will not at all acquit the wicked: the LORD hath his way in the whirlwind and in the storm, and the clouds are the dust of his feet.

4

He rebuketh the sea, and maketh it dry, and drieth up all the rivers: Bashan languisheth, and Carmel, and the flower of Lebanon languisheth.

5

The mountains quake at him, and the hills melt, and the earth is burned at his presence, yea, the world, and all that dwell therein.

6

Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out like fire, and the rocks are thrown down by him. abide: Heb. stand up


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse depicts divine theophany—God's visible manifestation in creation. 'He rebuketh the sea, and maketh it dry' (go'er bayam vayabbishehu) recalls God's power over chaos waters demonstrated at creation, the Red Sea crossing, and Jordan's parting. God's mere rebuke dries up seas and rivers, showing absolute sovereignty over nature's most powerful forces. This isn't poetic exaggeration but theological truth: the Creator commands His creation. The drying of Bashan, Carmel, and Lebanon's flower refers to three regions famous for fertility and lush vegetation. Bashan (east of Jordan) was renowned for rich pastures and oak forests. Carmel (coastal mountain range) and Lebanon (northern mountains) were celebrated for cedars and abundant growth. If God's presence withers these symbols of natural abundance, how much more will it devastate Nineveh's artificial pride? The imagery emphasizes that no earthly power or natural strength can resist God when He comes in judgment. Those who trust in military might, geographic advantages, or material resources will find them useless before the living God.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This theophanic language would have resonated powerfully with Judah, who had experienced God's power over water in their national history. The Red Sea deliverance (Exodus 14) and Jordan crossing (Joshua 3) were foundational memories proving God's control over natural forces. The drying of fertile regions would have been particularly striking to an agricultural society depending on rain and crops. Assyria had conquered these very regions—Bashan, Carmel, Lebanon—yet God's power exceeds even the famous fertility of these lands. The verse assures Judah that the same God who delivered them from Egypt will deliver them from Assyria. No human empire, regardless of military might or territorial expanse, can withstand the God who commands creation itself.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's power over nature (demonstrated in miracles and creation) provide assurance of His power over human kingdoms?
  2. What modern 'Bashans, Carmels, and Lebanons'—sources of security and abundance—might we trust instead of God?
  3. How should remembering God's past acts of deliverance strengthen faith during current trials?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
גּוֹעֵ֤ר1 of 12

He rebuketh

H1605

to chide

בַּיָּם֙2 of 12

the sea

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

וַֽיַּבְּשֵׁ֔הוּ3 of 12

and drieth up

H3001

to be ashamed, confused or disappointed; also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither (as herbage)

וְכָל4 of 12
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַנְּהָר֖וֹת5 of 12

all the rivers

H5104

a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity

הֶֽחֱרִ֑יב6 of 12

and maketh it dry

H2717

to parch (through drought) i.e., (by analogy,) to desolate, destroy, kill

אֻמְלָֽל׃7 of 12

languisheth

H535

to droop; by implication to be sick, to mourn

בָּשָׁן֙8 of 12

Bashan

H1316

bashan (often with the article), a region east of the jordan

וְכַרְמֶ֔ל9 of 12

and Carmel

H3760

karmel, the name of a hill and of a town in palestine

וּפֶ֥רַח10 of 12

and the flower

H6525

a calyx (natural or artificial); generally, bloom

לְבָנ֖וֹן11 of 12

of Lebanon

H3844

lebanon, a mountain range in palestine

אֻמְלָֽל׃12 of 12

languisheth

H535

to droop; by implication to be sick, to mourn


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Nahum. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Nahum 1:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Nahum 1:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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