King James Version

What Does Matthew 10:18 Mean?

Matthew 10:18 in the King James Version says “And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles.

Matthew 10:18 · KJV


Context

16

Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. harmless: or, simple

17

But beware of men: for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues;

18

And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles.

19

But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye shall speak: for it shall be given you in that same hour what ye shall speak.

20

For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father which speaketh in you.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Persecution scope expands: 'ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles' (και επι ηγεμονας δε και βασιλεις αχθησεσθε ενεκεν εμου εις μαρτυριον αυτοις και τοις εθνεσιν). Beyond Jewish councils, disciples face 'governors' (Roman provincial rulers) and 'kings' (client kings like Herods). 'For my sake' (ενεκεν εμου) clarifies: persecution stems from Christian identity, not criminal behavior. Purpose: 'for a testimony' (εις μαρτυριον)—trials become gospel opportunities. Defendants become witnesses; courtrooms become pulpits. Persecution evangelizes persecutors, bringing gospel to political elite unreachable otherwise. History confirms this: Paul's imprisonments reached Philippian jailer, Felix, Festus, Agrippa, Caesar's household. Suffering advances gospel.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Early Christians faced both Jewish and Roman persecution. Acts records trials before Jewish councils (Acts 4-5), Roman governors (Felix, Festus, Acts 24-26), and kings (Herod, Agrippa, Acts 12, 26). Paul's Roman citizenship brought him before Caesar (Acts 25:11). Persecution inadvertently spread the gospel: scattered Christians evangelized new regions (Acts 8:4); imprisoned apostles witnessed to guards; trials provided public platforms. Church fathers saw martyrdom as evangelistic tool: 'blood of martyrs is seed of the church' (Tertullian).

Reflection Questions

  1. How can persecution and trials become opportunities for gospel witness?
  2. What does this passage teach about God's sovereignty in using opposition for His purposes?
  3. How should Christians view and respond to persecution when it comes?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
καὶ1 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐπὶ2 of 15

before

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

ἡγεμόνας3 of 15

governors

G2232

a leader, i.e., chief person (or figuratively, place) of a province

δὲ4 of 15
G1161

but, and, etc

καὶ5 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

βασιλεῖς6 of 15

kings

G935

a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)

ἀχθήσεσθε7 of 15

ye shall be brought

G71

properly, to lead; by implication, to bring, drive, (reflexively) go, (specially) pass (time), or (figuratively) induce

ἕνεκεν8 of 15

for my

G1752

on account of

ἐμοῦ9 of 15

sake

G1700

of me

εἰς10 of 15

for

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

μαρτύριον11 of 15

a testimony

G3142

something evidential, i.e., (genitive case) evidence given or (specially), the decalogue (in the sacred tabernacle)

αὐτοῖς12 of 15

against them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ13 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τοῖς14 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἔθνεσιν15 of 15

the Gentiles

G1484

a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 10:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 10:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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