King James Version

What Does Mark 2:23 Mean?

Mark 2:23 in the King James Version says “And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went , to... — study this verse from Mark chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went , to pluck the ears of corn.

Mark 2:23 · KJV


Context

21

No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment: else the new piece that filled it up taketh away from the old, and the rent is made worse. new cloth: or, raw, or, unwrought cloth

22

And no man putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine doth burst the bottles, and the wine is spilled, and the bottles will be marred: but new wine must be put into new bottles. bottles: or, sacks of skin

23

And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went , to pluck the ears of corn.

24

And the Pharisees said unto him, Behold, why do they on the sabbath day that which is not lawful?

25

And he said unto them, Have ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was an hungred, he, and they that were with him?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse introduces a Sabbath controversy: Jesus' disciples 'plucked the ears of corn' as they walked through grainfields on the Sabbath. The imperfect tense indicates ongoing action. Deuteronomy 23:25 permitted this, but Pharisaic tradition classified it as 'harvesting' and thus Sabbath-work violation. The disciples' action was legal concerning property rights but questionable concerning Sabbath observance according to oral tradition. Jesus permits this, implying that Sabbath law permits necessary provision. Reformed theology emphasizes that Christ is Lord of the Sabbath (v. 28), with authority to interpret its proper observance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Sabbath commanded rest from work, commemorating creation rest and exodus deliverance. The fourth commandment prohibited work but didn't detail specific activities. Jewish tradition developed 39 categories of prohibited work, including harvesting—all arguably violated by plucking grain. Pharisees built 'fences around the law.' By Jesus' time, Sabbath observance had become burden rather than blessing. Early Christians transferred Sabbath principle to Sunday worship, emphasizing rest in Christ's finished work.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do religious traditions sometimes obscure God's original intent in His commands?
  2. In what ways do you treat Sabbath rest legalistically rather than gratefully?
  3. How does understanding Christ as Lord of the Sabbath free you from legalistic bondage?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
καὶ1 of 20

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐγένετο2 of 20

it came to pass

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

παραπορεύεσθαι3 of 20

that he went

G3899

to travel near

αὐτοῦ4 of 20

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐν5 of 20

on

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τοῖς6 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σάββασιν7 of 20

the sabbath day

G4521

the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,

διὰ8 of 20

through

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τῶν9 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σπορίμων10 of 20

the corn fields

G4702

sown, i.e., (neuter plural) a planted field

καὶ11 of 20

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἤρξαντο12 of 20

began

G756

to commence (in order of time)

οἱ13 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μαθηταὶ14 of 20

disciples

G3101

a learner, i.e., pupil

αὐτοῦ15 of 20

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ὁδὸν16 of 20

as they went

G3598

a road; by implication, a progress (the route, act or distance); figuratively, a mode or means

ποιεῖν17 of 20
G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

τίλλοντες18 of 20

to pluck

G5089

to pull off

τοὺς19 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

στάχυας20 of 20

the ears of corn

G4719

a head of grain (as standing out from the stalk)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 2:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 2:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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