King James Version

What Does Lamentations 3:36 Mean?

Lamentations 3:36 in the King James Version says “To subvert a man in his cause, the Lord approveth not. approveth not: or, seeth not — study this verse from Lamentations chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

To subvert a man in his cause, the Lord approveth not. approveth not: or, seeth not

Lamentations 3:36 · KJV


Context

34

To crush under his feet all the prisoners of the earth,

35

To turn aside the right of a man before the face of the most High, the most High: or, a superior

36

To subvert a man in his cause, the Lord approveth not. approveth not: or, seeth not

37

Who is he that saith, and it cometh to pass, when the Lord commandeth it not?

38

Out of the mouth of the most High proceedeth not evil and good?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The series concludes: "To subvert a man in his cause, the Lord approveth not." The Hebrew le-awet adam be-rivo Adonai lo ra'ah uses awat (עָוַת), meaning to make crooked, pervert, or subvert. Riv (רִיב) means lawsuit, dispute, or legal case. The phrase describes twisting someone's legal case against them—judicial corruption.

The climax comes with "the Lord approveth not" (Adonai lo ra'ah). The verb ra'ah (רָאָה) means to see, perceive, or approve. God doesn't approve or look favorably upon such actions. The covenant name Adonai (Lord, Master) emphasizes His authority to judge these matters.

This verse completes the thought begun in verse 34. God doesn't approve of: (1) crushing prisoners (verse 34), (2) perverting individual rights (verse 35), or (3) subverting legal cases (verse 36). Though He permits such things for disciplinary purposes, He disapproves and will judge those who do them. This establishes crucial theological principles: God's permissive will differs from His approved will; divine sovereignty doesn't negate human responsibility. Christ embodies these principles—suffering unjust subversion while trusting the righteous Judge (1 Peter 2:23).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Legal subversion was endemic in both pre-exilic Judah and exilic Babylon. Micah 7:3 describes corrupt Judean judges: "The prince asketh, and the judge asketh for a reward." Amos 5:12 condemns those who afflict the just and take bribes.

In Babylon, exiles had no legal standing or protections. They were subject to arbitrary treatment without recourse. Daniel 6 illustrates how political enemies manipulated law to subvert Daniel's case. Though God delivered Daniel, the incident shows the pervasive injustice of imperial legal systems.

Yet Lamentations maintains that God observes all. He approved none of the judicial corruption—neither Judah's pre-exilic perversions nor Babylon's exilic subversions. This dual judgment demonstrates God's impartial holiness. James 2:1-9 later teaches that showing partiality in judgment sins against God's law. Perfect justice will come only in Christ's kingdom (Psalm 96:10, 13).

Reflection Questions

  1. How do verses 33-36 work together to show that God's discipline serves redemptive rather than vindictive purposes?
  2. What comfort comes from knowing that though God permits unjust suffering as discipline, He 'approveth not' of the injustice itself?
  3. How does Christ's experience of having His cause subverted demonstrate God's solidarity with the oppressed?
  4. In what ways should believers work against judicial corruption while trusting God's ultimate justice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
לְעַוֵּ֤ת1 of 6

To subvert

H5791

to wrest

אָדָם֙2 of 6

a man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

בְּרִיב֔וֹ3 of 6

in his cause

H7379

a contest (personal or legal)

אֲדֹנָ֖י4 of 6

the Lord

H136

the lord (used as a proper name of god only)

לֹ֥א5 of 6
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

רָאָֽה׃6 of 6

approveth

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Lamentations. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Lamentations 3:36 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Lamentations 3:36 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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