King James Version

What Does John 3:1 Mean?

John 3:1 in the King James Version says “There was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews: — study this verse from John chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

There was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews:

John 3:1 · KJV


Context

1

There was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews:

2

The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto him, Rabbi, we know that thou art a teacher come from God: for no man can do these miracles that thou doest, except God be with him.

3

Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. again: or, from above


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Nicodemus is introduced with three significant identifiers: 'a man of the Pharisees,' 'named Nicodemus,' and 'a ruler of the Jews.' The name Nicodemus means 'conqueror of the people'—ironically, he comes secretly, conquered by curiosity about Jesus. As a Pharisee, he belonged to the strictest sect of Judaism; as a 'ruler' (archon), he was a Sanhedrin member. This is Israel's religious and political elite coming to Jesus.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Pharisees numbered about 6,000 and were known for meticulous Torah observance. The Sanhedrin was the 71-member supreme Jewish council. Nicodemus risked reputation and position by this visit. He appears two more times in John's Gospel—defending Jesus (7:50-52) and assisting His burial (19:39).

Reflection Questions

  1. What barriers of reputation or position might hinder people from coming to Christ today?
  2. How does Nicodemus's journey from secret inquiry to public support encourage patient evangelism?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
Ἦν1 of 12

There was

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

δὲ2 of 12
G1161

but, and, etc

ἄνθρωπος3 of 12

a man

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being

ἐκ4 of 12

of

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

τῶν5 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Φαρισαίων6 of 12

the Pharisees

G5330

a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary

Νικόδημος7 of 12

Nicodemus

G3530

victorious among his people; nicodemus, an israelite

ὄνομα8 of 12

named

G3686

a "name" (literally or figuratively) (authority, character)

αὐτῷ9 of 12
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἄρχων10 of 12

a ruler

G758

a first (in rank or power)

τῶν11 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰουδαίων·12 of 12

of the Jews

G2453

judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 3:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 3:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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