King James Version

What Does Job 37:18 Mean?

Job 37:18 in the King James Version says “Hast thou with him spread out the sky, which is strong, and as a molten looking glass? — study this verse from Job chapter 37 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Hast thou with him spread out the sky, which is strong, and as a molten looking glass?

Job 37:18 · KJV


Context

16

Dost thou know the balancings of the clouds, the wondrous works of him which is perfect in knowledge?

17

How thy garments are warm, when he quieteth the earth by the south wind?

18

Hast thou with him spread out the sky, which is strong, and as a molten looking glass?

19

Teach us what we shall say unto him; for we cannot order our speech by reason of darkness.

20

Shall it be told him that I speak? if a man speak, surely he shall be swallowed up.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Hast thou with him spread out the sky (תַּרְקִיעַ שְׁחָקִים, tarqia shechaqim)—the verb רָקַע (raqa) means to stamp, beat out, or spread like hammering metal into thin sheets. The heavens appear strong (חֲזָקִים, chazaqim, firm/solid) as a molten looking glass (מַרְאָה יְצוּקָה, mareh yetzuqah), referring to polished bronze mirrors. Ancient Near Eastern cosmology pictured the sky as a solid dome (raqia, Genesis 1:6-8) beaten out like bronze, reflecting light brilliantly.

Elihu's challenge: Did you assist God in spreading the heavens? The question devastates human pretension. Isaiah 40:22 similarly describes God 'that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain.' We contribute nothing to creation's maintenance—the sky's daily appearance requires no human effort. If we cannot participate in upholding physical creation, we certainly cannot fathom God's moral purposes. This prepares for God's own response: 'Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth?' (Job 38:4).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern peoples observed the sky's apparent solidity and reflective brilliance, especially in desert climates where the daytime sky appears as burnished metal. The bronze mirror comparison reflects Bronze Age technology (approximately 3000-1200 BC). Elihu uses imagery his audience understood: if skilled craftsmen beat bronze into mirrors, how much greater is God who 'hammered out' the vast heavens?

Reflection Questions

  1. When did you last contemplate creation's vastness as a reason to trust God's wisdom in areas you don't understand?
  2. How does the fact that creation continues without human assistance inform your view of divine providence?
  3. What does our inability to 'spread the sky' teach about our inability to manage our own lives independently?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
תַּרְקִ֣יעַ1 of 6

Hast thou with him spread out

H7554

to pound the earth (as a sign of passion); by analogy to expand (by hammering); by implication, to overlay (with thin sheets of metal)

עִ֭מּוֹ2 of 6
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

לִשְׁחָקִ֑ים3 of 6

the sky

H7834

a powder (as beaten small); by analogy, a thin vapor; by extension, the firmament

חֲ֝זָקִ֗ים4 of 6

which is strong

H2389

strong (usu. in a bad sense, hard, bold, violent)

כִּרְאִ֥י5 of 6

looking glass

H7209

a mirror (as seen)

מוּצָֽק׃6 of 6

and as a molten

H3332

properly, to pour out (transitive or intransitive); by implication, to melt or cast as metal; by extension, to place firmly, to stiffen or grow hard


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 37:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 37:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study