King James Version

What Does Job 27:18 Mean?

Job 27:18 in the King James Version says “He buildeth his house as a moth, and as a booth that the keeper maketh. — study this verse from Job chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He buildeth his house as a moth, and as a booth that the keeper maketh.

Job 27:18 · KJV


Context

16

Though he heap up silver as the dust, and prepare raiment as the clay;

17

He may prepare it, but the just shall put it on, and the innocent shall divide the silver.

18

He buildeth his house as a moth, and as a booth that the keeper maketh.

19

The rich man shall lie down, but he shall not be gathered: he openeth his eyes, and he is not.

20

Terrors take hold on him as waters, a tempest stealeth him away in the night.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He buildeth his house as a moth—the Hebrew עָשׁ (ash, moth) creates a startling image. The moth's "house" is its cocoon, easily destroyed and temporary. Some translations render this "moth-eaten house," but the point is fragility—elaborate construction with no permanence. As a booth that the keeper maketh uses סֻכָּה (sukkah, temporary shelter), the same word for the temporary dwellings in the Feast of Tabernacles (Leviticus 23:42-43). A watchman's booth (נֹצֵר, notser, keeper/guard) was a flimsy structure in fields or vineyards, abandoned after harvest.

Job employs two images of impermanence: the moth's cocoon and the watchman's temporary hut. Despite the wicked person's investment in building security—house, wealth, legacy—it's fundamentally unstable. This contrasts with the righteous, whose house is built on the rock (Matthew 7:24-27). The imagery anticipates Jesus's teaching about foolish builders.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient agricultural societies used temporary booths (sukkot) for field workers during planting and harvest. These simple structures provided minimal shelter and were abandoned afterward. Israel's Feast of Tabernacles commemorated wilderness wandering by requiring Israelites to dwell in temporary shelters (Leviticus 23:42-43), teaching dependence on God rather than permanent dwellings. Job's imagery would resonate powerfully with his original audience.

Reflection Questions

  1. What "houses" (securities, achievements, reputations) are we building that might be as fragile as a moth's cocoon?
  2. How does the temporary nature of earthly dwelling challenge our investment in material security?
  3. What does it mean to build our lives on the eternal foundation rather than temporary structures?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
בָּנָ֣ה1 of 6

He buildeth

H1129

to build (literally and figuratively)

כָעָ֣שׁ2 of 6

as a moth

H6211

a moth

בֵּית֑וֹ3 of 6

his house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

וּ֝כְסֻכָּ֗ה4 of 6

and as a booth

H5521

a hut or lair

עָשָׂ֥ה5 of 6

maketh

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

נֹצֵֽר׃6 of 6

that the keeper

H5341

to guard, in a good sense (to protect, maintain, obey, etc.) or a bad one (to conceal, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 27:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 27:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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