King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 49:17 Mean?

Jeremiah 49:17 in the King James Version says “Also Edom shall be a desolation: every one that goeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss at all the plagues there... — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 49 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Also Edom shall be a desolation: every one that goeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss at all the plagues thereof.

Jeremiah 49:17 · KJV


Context

15

For, lo, I will make thee small among the heathen, and despised among men.

16

Thy terribleness hath deceived thee, and the pride of thine heart, O thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock, that holdest the height of the hill: though thou shouldest make thy nest as high as the eagle, I will bring thee down from thence, saith the LORD.

17

Also Edom shall be a desolation: every one that goeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss at all the plagues thereof.

18

As in the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbour cities thereof, saith the LORD, no man shall abide there, neither shall a son of man dwell in it.

19

Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the swelling of Jordan against the habitation of the strong: but I will suddenly make him run away from her: and who is a chosen man, that I may appoint over her? for who is like me? and who will appoint me the time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before me? appoint me: or, convent me in judgment?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Edom shall be a desolation (לְשַׁמָּה תִּהְיֶה, l'shammah tihyeh)—The noun shammah denotes horrified astonishment at judgment, used frequently in Jeremiah's oracles (see 2:15, 18:16). Every one that goeth by it shall be astonished (יִשֹּׁם, yisshom)—travelers will hiss (שָׁרַק, sharaq), a sound expressing derision and horror, drawing attention to God's judicial handiwork.

This prophetic perfect tense treats future judgment as accomplished fact, demonstrating Yahweh's sovereign control over history. The clause all the plagues thereof (מַכּוֹתֶיהָ, makkoteha) employs Exodus language, suggesting Edom's judgment mirrors Egypt's—covenant breakers face covenant curses. Edom's ruins become a teaching tool, a perpetual sermon on pride's consequences.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern travelers would 'hiss' at ruins as both a protective gesture (warding off evil) and a moral commentary. Edom's desolate cities became proverbial. Malachi 1:2-4 confirms God's perpetual anger against Edom ('the people with whom the LORD is indignant forever').

Reflection Questions

  1. How do historical ruins and failed civilizations serve as 'witnesses' to God's justice?
  2. What distinguishes astonishment at judgment from genuine repentance—and which does God desire?
  3. How should Christians respond when witnessing the downfall of the proud and mighty?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְהָיְתָ֥ה1 of 11
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

אֱד֖וֹם2 of 11

Also Edom

H123

edom, the elder twin-brother of jacob; hence the region (idumaea) occupied by him

לְשַׁמָּ֑ה3 of 11

shall be a desolation

H8047

ruin; by implication, consternation

כֹּ֚ל4 of 11
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

עֹבֵ֣ר5 of 11

every one that goeth

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

עָלֶ֔יהָ6 of 11
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

יִשֹּׁ֥ם7 of 11

by it shall be astonished

H8074

to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)

וְיִשְׁרֹ֖ק8 of 11

and shall hiss

H8319

properly, to be shrill, i.e., to whistle or hiss (as a call or in scorn)

עַל9 of 11
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כָּל10 of 11
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מַכּוֹתֶֽהָ׃11 of 11

at all the plagues

H4347

a blow (in 2 chronicles 2:10, of the flail); by implication, a wound; figuratively, carnage, also pestilence


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 49:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 49:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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