King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 27:17 Mean?

Jeremiah 27:17 in the King James Version says “Hearken not unto them; serve the king of Babylon, and live: wherefore should this city be laid waste? — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Hearken not unto them; serve the king of Babylon, and live: wherefore should this city be laid waste?

Jeremiah 27:17 · KJV


Context

15

For I have not sent them, saith the LORD, yet they prophesy a lie in my name; that I might drive you out, and that ye might perish, ye, and the prophets that prophesy unto you. a lie: Heb. in a lie, or, lyingly

16

Also I spake to the priests and to all this people, saying, Thus saith the LORD; Hearken not to the words of your prophets that prophesy unto you, saying, Behold, the vessels of the LORD'S house shall now shortly be brought again from Babylon: for they prophesy a lie unto you.

17

Hearken not unto them; serve the king of Babylon, and live: wherefore should this city be laid waste?

18

But if they be prophets, and if the word of the LORD be with them, let them now make intercession to the LORD of hosts, that the vessels which are left in the house of the LORD, and in the house of the king of Judah, and at Jerusalem, go not to Babylon.

19

For thus saith the LORD of hosts concerning the pillars, and concerning the sea, and concerning the bases, and concerning the residue of the vessels that remain in this city,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Serve the king of Babylon, and live (עִבְדוּ אֶת־מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל וִחְיוּ)—God's command to abad (serve, become subject to) Babylon scandalized Jerusalem. Yet submission meant survival; rebellion meant Jerusalem's destruction. This sovereign reversal—pagan empire as God's instrument—demolished Judah's presumption that God must defend Zion regardless of covenant faithfulness.

Wherefore should this city be laid waste? (לָמָה תִהְיֶה הָעִיר הַזֹּאת חָרְבָּה)—The rhetorical question exposes the tragic irony: resistance to God's revealed will, cloaked in patriotic zeal, would accomplish what submission prevented. The Hebrew chorbah (waste, ruin) anticipates the 586 BC destruction—a preventable catastrophe if Judah had heeded Jeremiah.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Jeremiah's counsel contradicted everything Judah believed about God's unconditional protection of Jerusalem and the Davidic throne. This 'defeatist' message led to accusations of treason (37:13-14). Yet events proved Jeremiah right—Zedekiah's rebellion brought total destruction.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'surrender' might God be calling you to that your pride interprets as betrayal of principle?
  2. How do you distinguish between faithfulness that requires resistance and faithfulness that requires submission?
  3. When have you seen catastrophe result from refusing to accept God's counterintuitive direction?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
אַל1 of 13
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תִּשְׁמְע֣וּ2 of 13

Hearken

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם3 of 13
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

עִבְד֥וּ4 of 13

not unto them serve

H5647

to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

אֶת5 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מֶֽלֶךְ6 of 13

the king

H4428

a king

בָּבֶ֖ל7 of 13

of Babylon

H894

babel (i.e., babylon), including babylonia and the babylonian empire

וִֽחְי֑וּ8 of 13

and live

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive

לָ֧מָּה9 of 13
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

תִֽהְיֶ֛ה10 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

הָעִ֥יר11 of 13

wherefore should this city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הַזֹּ֖את12 of 13
H2063

this (often used adverb)

חָרְבָּֽה׃13 of 13

be laid waste

H2723

properly, drought, i.e., (by implication) a desolation


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 27:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 27:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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