King James Version

What Does Isaiah 5:28 Mean?

Isaiah 5:28 in the King James Version says “Whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent, their horses' hoofs shall be counted like flint, and their wheels like ... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent, their horses' hoofs shall be counted like flint, and their wheels like a whirlwind:

Isaiah 5:28 · KJV


Context

26

And he will lift up an ensign to the nations from far, and will hiss unto them from the end of the earth: and, behold, they shall come with speed swiftly:

27

None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:

28

Whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent, their horses' hoofs shall be counted like flint, and their wheels like a whirlwind:

29

Their roaring shall be like a lion, they shall roar like young lions: yea, they shall roar, and lay hold of the prey, and shall carry it away safe, and none shall deliver it.

30

And in that day they shall roar against them like the roaring of the sea: and if one look unto the land, behold darkness and sorrow, and the light is darkened in the heavens thereof. sorrow: or, distress and the light: or, when it is light, it shall be dark in the destructions thereof


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Sharp arrows, bent bows, horses' hooves 'like flint,' and wheels 'like a whirlwind' continue depicting the invincible judgment force. The accumulated imagery creates overwhelming sense of unstoppable power. This divinely-enabled military might demonstrates that covenant curses (Deuteronomy 28:49-52) find precise fulfillment. The description anticipates eschatological judgment where Christ returns with armies of heaven (Revelation 19:14).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Assyrian chariot warfare and archery were technologically advanced for their era. Isaiah attributes their effectiveness to divine commissioning rather than merely human prowess.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do historical judgments preview final eschatological judgment's unstoppable nature?
  2. What modern 'whirlwinds' of judgment might be divinely ordained rather than merely natural?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
אֲשֶׁ֤ר1 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

חִצָּיו֙2 of 12

Whose arrows

H2671

properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of god) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear

שְׁנוּנִ֔ים3 of 12

are sharp

H8150

to point (transitive or intransitive); intensively, to pierce; figuratively, to inculcate

וְכָל4 of 12
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

קַשְּׁתֹתָ֖יו5 of 12

and all their bows

H7198

a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris

דְּרֻכ֑וֹת6 of 12

bent

H1869

to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string a bow (by treading on it in bending)

פַּרְס֤וֹת7 of 12

hoofs

H6541

a claw or split hoof

סוּסָיו֙8 of 12

their horses

H5483

a horse (as leaping)

כַּצַּ֣ר9 of 12

like flint

H6862

a pebble (as in h6864)

נֶחְשָׁ֔בוּ10 of 12

shall be counted

H2803

properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e., (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a maliciou

וְגַלְגִּלָּ֖יו11 of 12

and their wheels

H1534

a wheel; by analogy, a whirlwind; also dust (as whirled)

כַּסּוּפָֽה׃12 of 12

like a whirlwind

H5492

a hurricane


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 5:28 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 5:28 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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